ST09. TRANSPORT & OLDER PEOPLE
(updated: June 6, 2006 )

OFL = Ordered for Library but not yet on shelves - please see University Library catalogue for latest on availability: http://www.nottingham.ac.uk/library/
* indicates more up to date and/or useful references

AARP, 2002, 'Understanding Senior Transportation Survey', AARP, USA, Executive Summary at:
http://research.aarp.org/il/2002_04_transport_1.html - report at: http://research.aarp.org/il/2002_04_transport.pdf

Ackermann, K; Blaschke, M & Feller, G, 1995, 'Nutzungserleuchterungen des OePNV fuer Aeltere und Behinderte durch bessere Informations und Orientierungssysteme' (Facilities to make use of public transport easier for Older and Disabled People through better information and orientation systems), 70 444.94, Forschungsprojeckt des Bundesministeriums fuer Verkehr, Bonn-Bad Godesberg.

Age Concern England:
'On the Move - Transport, Mobility and Older People', February 1994.
'Age Concern England's response to the Government Consultation "From workhorse to Thoroughbred - a better role for bus transport', Age Concern Policy Paper ref. 2199, August 1999.

American Association of Retired Persons. 2005, 'Livable Communities: An Evaluation Guide', http://assets.aarp.org/rgcenter/il/d18311_communities.pdf

Anchor Trust, 1999, 'Promoting Well-Being: Developing a preventive approach with older people', Anchor Trust, tel. (01865) 854093, June.

Anon, 1995, 'Mobility and Transport for Elderly and Disabled People - Ideas into Action', Proceedings of the 7th International Conference, Reading, Berkshire, 16-19 July 1995, Volumes 1 and 2.
Anon, 1997, 'Inventory of ATT System Requirements for Elderly and Disabled Drivers and Travellers', Transport Telemetkiatics Project No. TR 1108, March.
Anon, 1999, 'Strengthening the Transport Chain. International Seminar on Ways of Improving and Integrating Transportation Systems for Elderly and Disabled People', Gothernburg, Sweden, 27-28 September 1999.

Audit Commission publications, tel. (0800) 502030, email: audit-publications@twoten.press.net
- websiteL http://www.audit-commission.gov.uk/publications
'Older People: Independence and well-being - Summary report', 2004, http://www.info4local.gov.uk/searchreport.asp?id=18696&heading=e-mail+alert
'Older People: Building a strategic approach - Independence and well-being - Part two;, February 2004,
http://www.info4local.gov.uk/searchreport.asp?id=18685&heading=e-mail+alert
'The Effectiveness and Cost-Effectiveness of Support and Services to Informal Carers of Older People: February 2004', February 2004,
http://www.info4local.gov.uk/searchreport.asp?id=18684&heading=e-mail+alert
'Assistive Technology: Independence and well-being - Part four', February 2004, http://www.info4local.gov.uk/searchreport.asp?id=18687&heading=e-mail+alert

Automobile Association (AA Foundation for Road Safety Research),
Basingstoke, Hampshire:
(AA Foundation for Road Safety Research), 'Motoring and the Older Driver', 1988.
'Risk and safety on the roads: the elderly generation,' 1995.
'The safety of older car-drivers in the European Union', 1997.

Balcombe, R; Astrop, A; Hill, Ed, 1998, 'Concessionary Fares: Trip Generation Among Elderly Passengers', TRL Report 266, TRL, Crowthorne, Berkshire.

Banister, D; . Bowling, A, 2004, 'Quality of life for the elderly: the transport dimension', Transport Policy 11 (2), pp105-115, :
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&_origin=CONTENTS&_method=citationSearch&_piikey=S0967070X03000520&_version=1&md5=33659eb7888bb81fa75b34a83c2c5c20
Broeg, W; Erl; E & Glorius, B, 1998, 'Transport and the ageing of population', European Conference of Ministers of Transport (ECMT), CEMT Round Table no 112, Paris.

Civic Trust, London, 17 Carlton House Terrace, London SW1Y 5AS,
tel. (020) 7930 0914, fax. (020) 7321 0180, email: pride@civictrust.org.uk
- website: http://www.civictrust.org.uk
- See also 'Civic Focus' (the Civic Trust Magazine)
(Civic Trust Regeneration Unit & the Joint Mobility Unit), 'Night Site' (guide to the evening economy for people who are elderly or disabled), 1999.

Colin Buchanan & Partners, London:
'Modelling the Effects of a National Minimum Concessionary Fare in Scotland', Research Report for the Scottish Executive Central Research Unit, Edinburgh. 2000.
'Monitoring free local off-peak bus travel for older people', July 2004, and at http://www.landor.co.uk/ltt/reports.html

Commission for Integrated Transport, 5th Floor, Romney House, Tufton Street, London SW1P 3RA,
tel. (020) 7944 4101/4813, fax (020) 7944 2919, email cfit@detr.gsi.gov.uk
- website: http://www.cfit.gov.uk ::
'Public subsidy for the bus industry', December 2002, http://www.cfit.gov.uk/reports/psbi/cfit/index.htm
'Obtaining best value for public subsidy for the bus industry', December 2002, http://www.cfit.gov.uk/reports/psbi/index.htm

DeLucia, P.R; Bleckley, M. Kathryn; Meyer, L.E & Bush, J.M, 2003, 'Judgments about collision in younger and older drivers', Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, ISSN: 1369-8478, 6 (1), March, pp63-80, http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&_origin=CONTENTS&_method=citationSearch&_piikey=S1369847802000475&_version=1&md5=e018ea697836cbfd37380f33f6b6f5b9
Department for Transport (May 2002-)
- website: http://www.dft.gov.uk
DfT (DTLR) Road Safety Research Reports, available at http://www.roads.dft.gov.uk/roadsafety/compend02/08.htm
No.23 Forecasting Older Driver Accidents and Casualties.
No.24 Over-the-counter Medicines and the Potential for Unwanted Sleepiness: A Review.
No.25 Older Drivers: A Review
'Travel characteristics of older people', revised extract from 'Transport Trends 2000 Edition' (DETR), ISBN: 0-11-552215-8, TSO, January 2003, http://www.transtat.dft.gov.uk/tables/2000/tt/ttart299.pdf
'The Ageing Driver: A programme of research', April 2003, http://www.info4local.gov.uk/searchreport.asp?id=14997&heading=e-mail+alert
'Road Safety Part one: Alcohol, drugs, ageing and fatigue - Summer 2004', March 2005, http://www.info4local.gov.uk/searchreport.asp?id=23739&heading=e-mail+alert
'Concessionary fares for older and disabled people: local authority guidance', December 2005.
‘Carriage of Mobility Scooters on Public Transport: Feasibility study’, June 2006.
Department for Transport, Local Government and the Regions (DTLR) (June 2001-May 2002)
- website: http://www.dtlr.gov.uk
'Road Safety Research Report No.23 - Forecasting Older Driver Accidents and Casualties', August 2001,
http://www.roads.dtlr.gov.uk/roadsafety/research23/index.htm
'Inclusive Mobility', Autumn 2001 (forthcoming).
'Road Safety Research Report: Older drivers - A literature review', November 2001, http://www.info4local.gov.uk/searchreport.asp?id=4312&heading=e-mail+alert
'Travel Concessions (Eligibility) Act 2002 - Regulatory Impact Assesment', March 2002, http://www.dtlr.gov.uk/itwp/travria/index.htm
'Transport Statistics Bulletin Survey of Concessionary bus fare schemes in England: 2001', March 2002, obtainable from:
Transport Statistics Personal Travel, Room 2/17, 76 Marsham Street, London, SW1P 4DR, tel. (020) 7944 3076.

Department for Work & Pensions, 2004, 'Independent Living in Later Life', Department for Work & Pensions, http://www.dwp.gov.uk

Department of the Environment Transport and the Regions (DETR) (1997-2001)
- website: http://www.detr.gov.uk
NB: DETR replaced from June 2001 to May 2002 by the Department for Transport, Local Government and the Regions (DTLR)
DETR Joint Mobility Unit, 'Night Site' (evening public transport in city centres), a joint venture by between the Royal National Institute for the Blind, the Guide Dogs for the Blind Association and the Civic Trust Regeneration Unit, Joint Mobility Unit, 1999.
'National Concessionary Fares Scheme consultation document', December 1999, ref. 99AILT0807, available free from DETR, tel. (0870) 1226 236, or visit the website: http://www.detr.gov.uk
'Concessionary Fares Scheme in England and Wales', Transport Statistics Bulletin SB (99) 19, Government Statistical Service, 1999.
'Transport Trends: 2000 Edition', £30.50, TSO, March 2000.
*'Older People: Their Transport Needs and Requirements', produced by WS Atkins for the (former) DETR, DETR Free Literature, Wetherby, tel. (0870) 1226 236; main report product Code SP/09; summary report; Product Code SP/08, January 2001 (OFL on 31.1.01)
'Concessionary Fares: Guidance for Local Authorities (Updated)', March 2001, http://www.detr.gov.uk/itwp/cf/index.htm
NB: DETR replaced from June 2001 to May 2002 by the Department for Transport, Local Government and the Regions (DTLR)

Dunning, Jacqui, 1997, 'Rising car ownership among women and the elderly continues to fuel growth in travel demand', Local Transport Today, 3.1.97.

Emmerson, Garrett, 2005, 'How the 'grey vote' has skewed transport spend', Local Transport Today 425, 1.9.05, p19

European Conference of the Ministers of Transport (ECMT) Resolutions:-
No. 97/3 Comprehensive Resolution on Transport for People with Mobility Handicaps
No. 90/4 On Access to Buses, Trains and Coaches for People with Mobility Handicaps
No. 91/3 On the Improvement of Road Safety for the Elderly
No. 68 On Transport for People with Mobility Handicaps
No. 94/2 On Access to Taxis for People with Reduced Mobility
Comprehensive Resolution on Persons with Mobility Handicaps, 21 April 1997
Declaration on "Vulnerable" Transport Users, 21 April 1997.

Evans, L, 1991, 'Older driver risk - to themsleves and to other road users', TRB Paper no. 910490, Transportation Research Board, Washington DC.

Federal Highway Administration (USA), Washington DC / McLean, Virginia, USA,
- See the FHWA pedestrian program at http://www.ota.fhwa.dot.gov/walk
'Older pedestrian characteristics for use in highway design', FHWA-RD- 93-177, Office of Safety and Traffic Operations R&D, FHWA,1995.
'Guidelines and Recommendations to Accommodate Older Drivers and Pedestrians', (revised version) (update of the 1998 'Older Driver Highway Design Handbook, exceprted form the full report F(FHWA-RD-01-103), http://www.tfhrc.gov/safety/pedbike/pubs/01-051.pdf

Federation of European Pedestrian Assocaitions (FEPA), 1995, 'Older People on Foot: Why We Must Act', Voetgangersvereniging VBVC, Den Haag, Netherlands.

Feature, 2001, 'Ageing population poses new challenges for transport system', (discussion of the DETR 'Older People: Their Transport Needs and Requirements' report), Local Transport Today 308, 8.2.01.
Feature, 2004, 'Transportation in An Aging Society: A Decade of Experience', Conference Proceedings 27, Transportation Research Board, Washington DC, http://gulliver.trb.org/publications/conf/reports/cp_27.pdf

Gant, R., 1997, 'Elderly people. Personal mobility and local environment', Geography 82 (3), pp207-217.
Gant, R, 1990 & Smith, J, 1991, 'The elderly and disabled in rural areas: travel patterns in the North Cotswolds', in Champion, T & Watkins, C (eds), 1991, 'People in the Countryside', Paul Chapman Publishing, London.

Gerontology Data Service, 1996, 'Getting around after 60 - a Profile of Britain's Older Population', HMSO, London.

Gilroy, Rose, 1999, 'Planning to grow old', Chapter 5 in Greed, Clara, (ed.) 'Social Town Planning', Routledge, London. HT133.S6

Godalming and District, 1995, 'Community Study for the Househound and Elderly', report prepared by Paul Beecham & Associates for Surrey County Council, December.

Hakamies-Blomqvist, L, 1996, 'Research on older drivers: a review', IATSS Research 20 (1), pp91-101.

Hare, Patrick, 2001, 'Frail Elders and the Suburbs' (in the USA), http://www.homemods.org/library/pages/frailelders.html

Hay, A & Trinder, 1991, 'Concepts of equity, fairness and justice expressed by local transport policy makers', Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy 9, pp453-465
Hay, A, 1995, 'Equity concepts in the provision of accessible transport for the elderly and disabled', Paper presented at the 7th International Conference on Mobility and Transport for Elderly and Disabled People', Reading, July.

Health Development Agency (HDA) (successor to the Health Education Authority), Holborn Gate, 330 High Holborn,
London WC1V 7BA, tel. (020) 7061 3178,
- website: http://www.hda.nhs.uk/
publications available from
Marston Book Services, tel/fax. (01235) 465555
- website: http://www.hda-online.org.uk/pubhealth.htm
'Prevention and reduction of accidental injury in children and older people', October 2003, http://www.hda.nhs.uk/html/documents//prev_accidental_injury.pdf

Help the Aged, London, tel. (020) 7837 4570 / 7250 4415:
- website: http://www.helptheagend.org.uk
HTA Transport Council, 'The March 1998 Interim Report', March 1998.
'Safe, Accessible and Reliable and Affordable Transport', 1998 (OFL).
'Age Discrimination in Public Policy', March 2002.
'In the Right Place - accessibility, local services and older people', April 2005,

Institution of Highways and Transportation (IHT), 1998, 'Providing for Older Drivers', IHT, London, April. (OFL)

Kohler, Mervyn, 1996, 'Moving Forward' (Older People's Mobility in the 20th Century', Help The Aged, London, September.

Lee, Hoe C; Cameron, Don & Lee, Andy H, 2003, 'Assessing the driving performance of older adult drivers: on-road versus simulated driving', Accident Analysis and Prevention 35 (5), September, pp797-803

Liisa Hakamies-Blomqvist, Liisa & Peters, Björn Peters, 2000, 'Recent European research on older drivers,' Accident Analysis and Prevention 32(4) p601

'Living Streets' (until August 2001 known as 'The Pedestrians' Association'),
London, 31-33 Bondway, London SW8 1SJ, tel. (020) 7820 1010,
fax. (020) 7820 8298, email: info@pedestrians.org.uk
- website: http://www.livingstreets.org.uk
'Liveable London - the need for a walkable neigbourhood, Older and disabled people have their say', November 2002.

London Underground Ltd/London Regional Transport Unit for Disabled Passengers, 1988, 'Making underground stations morre accessible to passengers - especially the elderly and disabled', London Underground Ltd/London Regional Transport Unit for Disabled Passengers, August.

Lundberg, C &. Hakamies-Blomqvist, L, 2003, 'Driving tests with older patients: effect of unfamiliar versus familiar vehicle', pp163-173
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&_origin=CONTENTS&_method=citationSearch&_piikey=S1369847803000238&_version=1&md5=71b36620d11c0405b76e05882988f992
Maring, W, 1988, 'Oudere volwassenen also fietser' (Older adults as cyclists), Report VK 88-14, Rijskuniversiteit Groningen, Verkeerskundig Studiecentrum. VSC, Groningen, Netherlands.

Mellor, Charlie, 2002, 'Concessionary fares policy: political gimmick or tackling social need?', Local Transport Today 348, 29.8.02, pp10-11.

Metz, David, 2003, 'Transport policy for an ageing population', Transport Reviews 24 (4), October-November, p375,
http://taylorandfrancis.metapress.com/link.asp?id=B5YKV56C7HE29W2W

Mitchell, Kit, 2002, 'Older people and road safety: Dispelling the myths', World Transport Policy & Practice 8 (2), pp17-26, available at http://wtransport.org/

Morton, Jane, 1996, 'Older People on Foot: Why we must act', Report of Federation of European Pedestrian Associations (FEPA) for the European Year of the People', Pedestrians' Association, Basingstoke, Hampshire.

Noble, B, 2000, 'Travel characteristics of older people', in Transport Trends 2000, (former) Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions, London.

Organisation for Econonomic Cooperation and Development (OECD), Paris (publications available
from Agency Publications, The Stationery Office, London:
'Safety of elderly road users', 1985.
'Ageing and Transport: Mobility Needs and Safety Issues', 2001; pdf at http://www1.oecd.org/publications/e-book/7701051e.pdf

Partnership for Prevention Guide (USA), 2001, 'Creative Communities for Active Ageing' (increasing community-level walking and biking by older adult), http://www.prevent.org/activeaging.htm

Rabbitt, P; Carmichael, A; Jones, S & Holland, S, 1996, 'Age and Cognitive Performance Research Centre, The University of Manchester, on behalf of The AA Foundation for Road Safety Research, March.

Raitanen, T.; Tormakangas, T;. Mollenkopf, H;. Marcellini, F, 2003, 'Why do older drivers reduce driving? Findings from three European countries', Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 6 (2), ISSN :1369-8478, June, pp 81-95,
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&_origin=CONTENTS&_method=citationSearch&_piikey=S136984780300007X&_version=1&md5=6dae42bafd2547b885c1b3f00b2c1490
Rimmo, P.A; Hakamies-Blomqvist, L, 2002, 'Older drivers' aberrant driving behaviour, impaired activity, and health as reasons for self-imposed driving limitations', (Elsevier Science) Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 5 (1), March, pp 345-360,
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&_origin=CONTENTS&_method=citationSearch&_piikey=S1369847802000050&_version=1&md5=0e8d9fbb558c60a76e36c4f0026dc4d5

Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, 2001, 'National Blueprint: Increasing Physical Activity Among Adults Age 50 and Older',
http://www.rwjf.org/app/rw_publications_and_links/publicationsPdfs/Age50_Blueprint_singlepages.pdf

Rydin, Y., 'Mobility and the long life shopper', Town and Country Planning 59, 1990, pp118-119.

Rye, Tom; Seaman, David; McGuigan, David & Siddle, David, 2002, 'Concessionary fares in Britain: what we need to know', World Transport Policy & Practice 8 (2), available at http://wtransport.org/

SARA, 1998, 'The Top Four Issues', Help the Aged Transport Council Report.

Schlag, B; Schwenkhagen, U; Trankle, U, 1996, 'Transportation for the Elderly: Towards a User-Friendly Combination of Private and Public Transport', IATSS Research 20 (1).

Sheppard, D & Valentine, Shelagh D, 1980, 'Elderly pedestrians: assessments of the relative value of instruction on alternative safety topics', Transport and Road Research Laboratory Supplementary Report 601, (former) TRRL, Crowthorne, Berkshire.

Simies, Anabela & Marin-Lamellet, Claude, 2002, 'Road users who are elderly: drivers and pedestrians', in Fuller, Ray & Santos, Jorge (eds.), 2002, 'Human Factors for Highway Engineers', Pergamon, ISBN 0-08-043412-6, http://www.elsevier.com/locate/isbn/0-08-043412-6

Simms, B, 1993, 'The characteristics and driving pattenrs of drivers over seventy', TRL Project Report PR265, Transport Research Laboratory, Crowthorne, Berkshire.

Smith, Geoffrey C. & Sylvestre, Gina M, 2001, 'Determinants of the Travel Behavior of the Suburban Elderly', Growth and Change (Blackwell) 32 (3), http://www.blackwellpublishers.co.uk/asp/journal.asp?ref=0017-4815&src=ard&aid=165&iid=3&vid=32

Siren, A; Hakamies-Blomqvist, L, 2005, 'Sense and sensibility. A narrative study of older women's car driving', Transportation Research Part F: Psychology and Behaviour, 8 (3), May, pp213-228
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&_origin=CONTENTS&_method=citationSearch&_piikey=S1369847805000215&_version=1&md5=6a28d05a280f653fa851f6a632f0ac2a
Steer Davies Gleave, 1999, 'The Review of Voluntary Transport', Report commissioned by the DETR, July, available from DETR Mobility Unit, London, email: sdginfo@sdg.co.uk

TAS Partnership, Preston
'Concessionary Fares', 1998.

The Home Office Publications available from the Home Office Research, Development and Statistics Directorate,
50 Queen Anne's Gate, London SW11 9AT, tel. (020) 7271 8225
- website: http://www.homeoffice.gov.uk
'Crime, Policing and Justice; The Experience of Older People', 2002, and at http://www.homeoffice.gov.uk

The Scottish Executive, Edinburgh
- website: http://www.scotland.gov.uk:
'Consultation on the Scotland-wide free bus scheme for older and disabled people', October 2005.

Transport Research Laboratory (TRL), Crowthorne, Berkshire:
- website: http://www.trl.co.uk
'Concessionary fares: trip generation among elderly passengers', TRL Report 366, October 1998.
TRL Current topics in Transport Series CT22.1: Transport for the disabled and elderly update (1993-95), 1998.
CT76.1 'Elderly drivers update' (1993-95), 1998.
'Survey of mobility handicaps suffered by older and disabled pedestrians', PR048, ?2005.

Transportation Research Board (USA), 1995, 'Walking speeds of elderly pedestrians at crosswalks', Transportation Research Record, 1487, pp 63-67, TRB, Washington DC.

Van der Broecke, Aranta & Korver, Wim, 2003, 'Tourism by the elderly in Europe', World Transport Policy & Practice, 9(3), at http://www.eco-logica.co.uk/WTPPhome.html

Van Schagen, I.N.LG & Masring, W, 1991, 'Probleemanalyse oudere verkeers-deelnemers' (Analysis of the problems of older traffic participants) VSC, Report VK 91-09. Rijskuniversiteit Groningen, Verkeerskundig Studiecentrum. VSC, Groningen, Netherlands.

Velche, D, 1992, 'Access to signage information and use of transportation systems by mentally disabled people', in Dejeammes, M & Medevielle, J-P (eds), 1992, 'Mobility and Transport for elderly and disabled person: Proceedings for the 6th International Conference (COMOTRED '92), Institut National de Recherche sur les transports et leur Securite.

Verkehrs Club Oesterreich ( Austrian Traffic Club), 1999, 'Senioren und Mobilitaet' (Elderly People and Mobility), VCOe, Vienna, Austria, fax. +43 1 893 2431.

Weuve, et al, 2004, 'Physical Activity, Including Walking, and Cognitive Function in Older Women', The Journal of the American Medical Association 292, and at http://www.activetravel.org.uk

Westlake, T, 1993, 'The disadvantaged consumer: problems and policies', in Bromley, R & Thomas, C, 'Retail change: contemporary issues', UCL, London. ISBN 1-85728060-1
Westlake, T & Dagleish, K., 1990, 'Disadvantaged consumers - can planning respond?', Planning Outlook (Newcastle University) 33 (2), pp118-123.

Weuve, et al, 2004, 'Physical Activity, Including Walking, and Cognitive Function in Older Women', The Journal of the American Medical Association 292, and at http://www.activetravel.org.uk

White, Peter, 2005, 'Giving all pensioners free travel is not the wisest way to achieve social equity objectives', Local Transport Today 414, 31.3.05, p14.

Wilson, D.G & Grayson, G.B, 1980, 'Age-Related Differences in the Road Crossing Behaviour of Adult Pedestrians', Report LR 933, Transport and Road Research Laboratory,. Crowthorne, Berkshire.

World Health Organisation (WHO);
catalogue of publications on the web at: http://www.who.int.dsa/
'Physical activity through transport as part of daily activities including a special focus on children and older people', World Health Organisation, Regional Office for Europe, http://www.eur.who.int/documents/e75662.pdf 2003

WS Atkins, 2001, 'The needs of elderly bus passengers', Report for the (former) Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions (DETR), available from DETR Free Publications, Wetherby, Yorkshire, tel. (0870) 1226 236, February.

Zegeer, C.V; Stutts, J.C; Huang, H; Zhou, M & Rodgman, E, 1993, 'Analysis of elderly pedestrian accidents and recommended countermeasures', Transportation Research Record no 1405, pp56-63, Transportation Research Board, Washington DC.