SP07. (STRUCTURE PLANS &) RETAIL PLANNING
(updated: June 27, 2006 )

OFL = Ordered for Library - please check University Library catalogue for latest on availability:
http://www.nottingham.ac.uk/library/
* indicates more useful and/or up to date references

Action for Market Towns, 12 Looms Lane, Bury St. Edmunds, Suffolk, IP33 IHE,
tel. (01284) 756567, fax. (01284) 756567/761816:
'Market Towns: Options for a share in the future', 1998 (OFL).
'New Life for Smaller Towns: Handbook for Action', 1998, ISBN 0 952579 1 1.
'Benchmarking for small towns', September 1999.
'Markets - trading towards a better future' (factsheet), tel. (01284) 756567, January 2000.
'Retail surveys: their use in small towns', April 2000.

Active Centre Management Associates (ACM), 1999, 'Surf's Up: Will the online retail wave sweep the UK high street?', ACM Associates,, tel. (01957) 662947

Adlard, H, 2001, 'The 'need' for retail development', Journal of Planning and Environmental Law', May, pp522-534.

All Party Parliamentary Small Shops Group, 2006, 'High Street Britain 2015', http://www.retail-network.org/index.asp?s=section&sectionid=1

Andersen, 2001, 'Food in the Forecourt' (Redundant petrol filling sites development opportunities), Corporate Finance Team, Andersen, London, tel. (020) 7438 3715, August.

?Anon, 1999, 'Shopping meets Leisure 2000' (leisure parks and combined leisure and retail parks review), available from tel. (020) 7493 2632, November.

Arnold, Stephen, 1995, 'Discount growth threatens to undercut the high street'', Planning 1134, 1.9.95.
Arnold, Stephen, 1998, 'Proof that need is not an issue' (interpretation of 1996 version of PPG6), Planning 1295, 20.11.98.

Association of Town Centre Management (ATCM), London
'Sustainable funding', 2002, (with interactive maps are available on CD-ROM and at: http://www.planning.odpm.gov.uk/towncent/index.htm
'Producing Boundaries and Statistics for Town Centres - London Pilot Study Summary Report', July 2002, TSO, ISBN 0 11 753 5737 & CD (ISBN 0 11 753 6326; both are available from The Stationery Office, tel. (0870) 600 5522; email: book.orders@tso.co.uk

Aston University, 1988, 'Improving Inner City Shopping Centres: An Evaluation of Urban Programme Funded Schemes in the West Midlands', Public Sevctor Management Research Centre, Aston University, Birmingham.

Baber, Peter, 1997, 'A trend that's most appealing', Planning, 2.5.97, p.11

Bailey, Cathy, 2000, 'Planning for diverse shopping needs' (in Carlisle), Town and Country Planning 69 (7/8), July/August.

Baker, Brian, 1999, 'Access All Areas' (developer-led initiatives to improve transport to out of town shopping centres and their surrounding communities), Surveyor, 26.8.99.
Baker, Brian, 2001, 'Retail therapy' (shopping centres and the transformation of streetscape of Solihull, Surveyor, 11.12.01, pp12-14.

Baker, Chris, 2005, 'Focus shifts to urban edge' (TCPA out of town centre regeneration/mixed use proposals), Planning 1629, 22.7.05, p9

Baker, Mike, 1998, 'Spin doctors skewed retail study', (on the DETR Report on the Impact of Superstores on District and Market Centres), Planning 1290, 16.10.98.

Baldock, Jonathan, 1997, 'So the sequential test rules OK', (PPG6 test in Peterborough), Planning 1237, 28.9.97.
Baldock, Jonathan, 1998, 'Retail - A Special Report', Planning 1202, 30.10.98.

B&Q, 2002, 'B&Q Warehouse Research' Summary', October.

Bartlett, Randall, 2005, 'Testing the 'popsicles test': realities of retail shopping in new 'traditional neighbourhood developments', Urban Studies 40, pp33-46

Bashford, Suzy, 2002, 'Commerce in the Community' (retailers' involvement in regeneration), Regeneration & Renewal 2.8.02, pp19-21.

BDP Planning and the Oxford Institute of Retail Management, 1992, 'The Effects of Out of Town Retail Development: A literature review for the DOE (former Department of the Environment)', HMSO, London

Beddington, Nadine, 1991, 'Shopping Centres: Retail development, design and management', Second edition, Butterworth-Heinemann, London.

Bell, Graeme, 1999, 'Using retail for a positive effect' (out of town retail centres and urban regeneration), Planning 1336, 17.9.99, p10.

Bennison, David & Davies, Ross, 1980, 'The impact of town centre shopping schemes in Britain', Progress in Planning 14, pp1-104
Bennison, David; Pal, John & Warnaby, Gary, 2004, 'Support your local retailers' (independent traders in town centres), Planning 1574, 18.6.04, p15

Best, Jonathan, 2000, 'Policies at odds over definition of 'bulky' (appeal decisions on bulky goods retailing), Planning 1357, 25.2.00.

Bevan, Judi, 2004, 'Trolley Wars: The Battle of the Supermarkets', Profile.

Birkin, M; Clarke, G; Clark, M & Wilson, A, 2002, 'Retail Geography and Network Planning', Wiley Higher Education, Chcihester, Sussex. ISBN 0471 498033 (pb) / 0471 497614 (Hb)

Blackman, David, 1998, 'Avowed shopaholic' (Interview with Roger Johnson: Dudley's Chief Planner, on the impact of the Merry Hill Centre), Planning 1286, 14.8.98).
Blackman, David, 1999, 'Council fears £5mn. compensation bid' (Allnwick DC and Safeway out of town foodstore case), Planning 1324, 25.6.99.
Blackman, David, 2003, 'Curtains for DIY giants out of town locations?', Planning 1536, 12.9.03, p9
Blackman, David, 2003, 'Back to square one for York' (the rejection of a major shopping scheme in York), Planning 1538, 26.9.03, p9
Blackman, David, 2004, 'Shopkeepers pay price for high street cloning', (New Economics Foundation Report on 'Clone Town Britain'), Planning 1586, 10.9.04, p9
Blackman, David, 2006, ‘Internet leads retail futures’, Planning 1666, 28.4.06, p18

Blaney, Trevor, 1997, 'A struggle up the pecking order' (PPG6 and definition of town centres and edge of centres), Planning 1227, 18.7.97.

Blythman, Joanna, 2004, 'Shopped: the schocking power of British supermarkets', Fourth Estate.

Boley, Bill & Robin, Guy, 2006, 'Is society really paying too high a price for profitability?', ( issues raised by the move 'Wal-Mart: The High Cost of Low Price'), Regeneration & Renewal, 9.6.06, p12

Booton, Chris, 1994, 'Factory outlet centre faces the inquiry test', Planning 1079, 29.7.94.

Brauner, Steve, 2001, 'Setting store by recruits' (The Business in the Community innovation prize-winning Leeds Tesco store), Regeneration & Renewal, 20.7.01, p21.

Breed, Colin, MP, 1998, 'Checking Out the Supermarkets: Competition in Retailing', available from Colin Breed MP, London.

Bristow, Helen, 1999, 'A Fresh Approach to Local Food supplies' (retail provision and neighbourhood renewal strategies), Urban Enviroment Today, 22.7.99.

British Council of Shopping Centres (BCSC), London, tel. (020) 7222 1122:
- website: http://www.bcsc.org.uk
'Managing the Shopping Environment of the Future', 1987
'Public Transport and town centre accessibility', 1997.
'Urban Design for Retail Environments' (produced by the Building Design Partnerhsip with support from CABE & English Heritage), March 2002.
'Managing Retail-Led Urban Development' (Produced by the Henley Centre), March 2002.
'Shopping Centres Futures', November 2002.
'The Smaller Towns Report: Delivering Retail-Led Renaissance in Towns and Smaller Cities', November 2004, and at http://www.bcsc.org.uk

British Property Federation & the Accessible Retail and Shopping Park Investors' Forum (SPINf), 2004, 'Retailing Warehousing and Town Centres', http://www.spin-f.co.uk

Bromley, Rosemary & Thomas, Colin, (eds.) 1993, 'Retail change: Contemporary Issues', UCL Press, London. HF5429.R4
Bromley, R & Thomas, C, 1993, 'The retail revolution, the carless shopper and disadvantage', Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers 18, pp222-236.
Bromley, Rosemary, 1995, 'Small town shopping decline, dependence and inconvenience for the disadvantaged', International Journal of Retail Distribution and Consumer Record, 5 (4), pp433-445.
Bromley, Rosemary & Thomas, C., 'Retail decline and the opportunities for commercial revitalisation of small shopping centres', Town Planning Review 66 (4), pp431-452

Brown, Stephen, 1992, 'Retail Location: A Micro-Scale Perspective', Avebury, Aldershot, Hampshire.

Brunn, Stanley D, (ed.), 2006, 'Wal-Mart World', Routledge, London, ISBN 0 415 95136 4 (Hb) / 0 415 395137 2 (pb)

Buckingham, Susan & Theobald, Kate, 2003, 'Local environmental sustainability', Woodhead Publishing, Cambridge. ISBN 1 85573 685 3 (OFL on 21.2.03)

Building Design Partnership Planning and the Oxford Institute of Retail Management, 1992, 'The effects of major out of town retail development', HMSO.

Building Research Establishment (BRE), Garston, Watford, Hertfordshire:
'Building Research Establishment Environmental Assessment Method: BREEAM Version 2/91: An Environmental Assessment for New Superstores and Supermarkets', 1991.
'Energy Efficiency for Shopping Centres', DETR Good Practice Guide 134, October 1997.
'Sustainable retail premsises: an environmental guide to cdesign, refursbishment and management of retail premises', Construction Research Communications Ltd., London, email: crc@construct.emap.co.uk

Burke, Terry & Shackleton, J.R, 1996, 'Trouble in Store? UK Retailing in the 1990s' Hobart Papers no. 130, Institute of Economic Affairs, London.

Caborn, Richard, 1999, 'Statement on Government Policy on Planning Applications for Shopping and Leisure Developments', (former) DETR (Department of the Environment Transport and the Regions), February (c.f. Press Release 121, 11.2.99).

CACI, 2004, 'Retail Footprint', CACI, January.

Caines, R. (ed.), 1996, 'Supermarkets and Superstores: Market Report', London.

Cairns, Sally, 1995, 'Travel for food shopping: the fourth solution', Traffic Engineering and Control 36 (7/8), July/August.
Cairns, Sally, 1995, 'Carrying on without the car', Town and Country Planning 64 (11), November.
Cairns, Sally, 199?, 'Delivering alternatives', Transport Policy 3 (4), pp.155-176.
Cairns, Sally, 1996, 'Supermarkets and superstores: Market Report', Keynote, London.

Cambridge Economic Associates and EDuce Ltd., 2003, 'Changing Practices, (report commissioned jointly by the Office of the Deputy Prime Minister (ODPM) & the British Retail Consortium (BRC), available from the NRU hotline on (08450) 828383, or email neighbourhoodrenewal@odpm.gsi.gov.uk and Neighbourhood Renewal Unit website

Campaign to Protect Rural England (CPRE)
(known until June 2003 as 'Council for the Protection of Rural England'),
128 Southwark St, London SE1 0SW,
tel. (020) 7981 2800, fax. (020) 7981 2899, email: info@cpre.org
- website: http://www.cpre.org.uk
'The Real Choice report' (Impact of refusing planning permission for new superstores on the number of local and regional food suppliers around Saxmundham in East Suffolk' (author: Caroline Cranbrook), CPRE & the Plunkett Foundation, June 2006,
http://www.cpre.org.uk/news-releases/news-rel-2006/24-06.htm

Cannings, Liz, 2001, 'Planning out the food deserts' (need to promote retail development within smaller and currently under-performing local centres), Town and Country Planning 70 (11), November, pp303-304.

Carley, Michael; Kirk, Karryn & McIntosh, Sarah, 2001, 'Retailing, Sustainability and Neighbourhood Regeneration', York Publishing Services, York. ISBN 1 846263 049 0 & c.f. JRF Findings, October 2001 and at http://www.jrf.org.uk

Carr, J., 1990, 'Out of Town Shopping: Is the Revolution Over?', Royal Society of Arts Symposium.

CB Hillier Parker, London, tel. (020) 7629 7666:
'(CB Hillier Parker & Saxell Bird Axon), 'The Impact of Large Foodsgtores on Market Towns and District Centres', for the DETR (former), TSO, London, 1998.
'Shopping Centres in the Pipeline', January 1999.
'Retail Warehouse Parks in the Pipeline', February 1999.
'Shopping Centres in the Pipeline', October 1999.
'The sequential approach to retail development', February 2000.
'Shopping Centre Refurbishment', April 2000.
'Shopping Centres in the Pipeline', June 2000.
'CB Hillier Parker's Shopping Centre Development Master List April 2001', available from Peter War, tel. (020) 7629 7666, May 2001.
'Retail Warehouse Parks in the Pipeline', August 2001.

CB Richard Ellis, the Institute of Retail Studies & Colin Buchanan & Partners, 2004, 'Research Study on the Effectiveness of NPPG8', February, and at http://www.planningresource.co.uk

Chase, Martin & Drummond, Peter, 1993, 'Shopping after the millennium', TCPSS 1993, University of Lancaster, Report of Proceedings, RTPI, London.

Chiddock, David, 1996, 'Come the revolution' (impact of IT revolution in cities), Planning Week, 4 (38), 19.9.96.

?Chow, Fiona, 2002, 'Hidden aspects of urban planning, surface and underground development', Prepared as part of the European COST C7 Initiative with input from the RTPI, Thomas Telford Ltd.

Clark, Paul, 2000, 'Changing face of shopping' (impact of new technology and demograpahic change), Planning 1351, 14.1.00

Clarke, Graham; Eyre, Heather & Guy, Cliff, 2002, 'Deriving Indicators of Access to Food Retail Provision in British Cities: Studies of Cardiff, Leeds and Bradford', Urban Studies, p2041, http://taylorandfrancis.metapress.com/link.asp?id=4X6QUUJDJC2GD5JV

Clifford, Guy, 1994, 'The Retail Development Process, Location, Property and Planning', Routledge, London.

Cole, Harvey, 1998, 'Foodstores form part of bigger picture', Planning 1290, 16.10.98.

College of Estate Management, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6AW, tel. (0118) 986 1101
- website: http://www.cem.ac.uk/research.shtml
'Service Charges in Property: Office, Retail, Warehousing and Industrial Property', 1994.
'The Dynamics and Measurement of Commercial Property Depreciation in the UK', 1998.
'Future Shock or E-Hype?: The Impact of Online Shopping on UK Retail Property', 2001.
'eCommerce and Retail Property in the UK', October 2002.
'Residential Investment and Sustainable Communities', 2002.
'The Role of Retailing in UK Urban Regeneration', 2002. ISBN 1 904388 00 0

Colliers CRE (Colliers Erdman Lewis), London, tel. (020) 7629 8191:
'Is the High Street Moving Out of Town?', 1999.
'Annual Retail Park League Table', May 1999.
*Out of Town Retailing 2000', January 2000.
'The Bluewater Effect', report for a consortium of local authorities in the Bluewater area, available from Kent County Council, tel. (01622) 221621, November 2000.
'The Midsummer Retail Report 2001', June 2001.
'The Midsummer Retail Report 2002', June 2001, and at http://www.planning.haynet.com

Commission for Architecture and the Built Environment (CABE)
(replaced the Royal Fine Arts Commission in 2000),
16th Floor, The Tower Building, 11 York Road, London SE11 7NX,
tel. (020) 7960 2400, fax. (020) 7860 2444, email: enquiries@cabe.org.uk
- website: http://www.cabe.org.uk
'Design Reviewed - Town Centre Retail', May 2004, and at http://www.PlanningResource.co.uk

Community Organising Foundation, 1999, 'Shop prices and inner city areas' (?exact title), COF, Urban Environment Today, 7.1.99.

Competition Commission, London:
'Supermarkets: A Report on the Supply of Groceries from Multiple Stores in the United Kingdom', 2000, TSO, tel. (020) 7873 9090 / (0870) 600 5522.
Report on the Mergers in Contemplation', October 2003, and at http://www.planning.haynet.com

Cooperative Wholesale Society, 1999, 'The Family Study' (proposed audit of the impacts of retailing activity on a range of stakeholder groups), The Coop, Manchester, tel. (0161) 827 5290, December.

Cooper, Nigel & Cook, Merry, 1998, 'Planning Policy Guidance Note 6: Grey Areas', Estates Gazette, 5.9.98.

Corfield, I & Welch, P, 1997, 'Sold short: government and retailing', The Fabian Society, London. ISBN 0-7163-3036-9

Corporate Intelligence Research Publications, 1994, 'The Future for Factory Outlet Centres in the UK', CIR Publications, London.

Cortega, Bob, 1999, 'In Sam We Trust - The Untold Story of Sam Walton and How Wal-Mart is Devouring the World', Kogan Page.

Coulson, Andrew, 2004, 'Fighting the corner for smaller retailers', Planning 1569, 14.5.04, p9

Council ("Campaign" since June 2003) for the Protection of Rural England (CPRE), London,
128 Southwark St, London SE1 0SW, tel. (020) 7981 2800, fax. (020) 7981 2899
- website: http://www.cpre.org.uk
'Down Your Way?' (boosting local food production), 2002.

Cranbrook, C., 1997, 'The Rural Economy and Supermarkets', Great Glenham Farms, Suffolk.

Crewe, Leslie & Gregson, N, 1998, 'Tales of the unexpected: exploring car boot sales as marginal spaces of consumption', Transaction of the Institute of British Geographers 23, pp39-53.

Cummins, Steve & Macintyre, Sally, 2002, 'A Systematic Study of an Urban Foodscape: The Price and Availability of Food in Greater Glasgow', Urban Studies 39 (11), October, p2115, http://taylorandfrancis.metapress.com/link.asp?id=8KKAV5XYV1PW1P14

Cuthbertson, Anne, 1996, 'Raising Merry Hill in the Midlands', Planning Week 4 (23), 6.6.96.

Davidson, Bill, 1995, 'Retailing and the Infotech Explosion', (Ambit Publications) Report for the Natural and Built Environment, no. 4, May.

Davidson, Mary & Bell, Colin, 'Out of town or town centre?,' Estates Gazette 9409, 5.3.94.

Davies, Eric, 1995, 'Understanding government Retail Policy in a Hostile Environment', (Ambit Publications) Report for the built and Nautral Environment, no.3, April..

Davies, Martin, 2004, 'A golden age for shoppers' (retail-led regeneration schemes), Regeneration & Renewal,12.3.04, p14

Davies, Ross, 1984, 'Retail and Commercial Planning', St. Martin's Press.
Davies, Ross, 1985, 'The Gateshead Shopping and Information Service', Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design, pp209-220.
Davies, Ross, (ed.), 1995, 'Retail Planning Policies in Western Europe', Routledge, London, HF5429.6.E8.R4
Davies, Ross, 1999, 'Social equalisation in shopping', European Retail Digest 1999, no. 21, pp39-40.

Davis, R., 1986, 'Teleshopping in the Food Trades: Current Status and Future Potential Research Paper Series B3', Oxford Institute for Retail Studies, Research Paper B3, Oxford.

Dawson, J.A., 1983, 'Shopping Centre Development', Longman Inc., New York.
Dawson, J & Lord, J, (eds.), 1985, 'Shopping Centre Development: Policies and Prospects', Croom Helm, London.

Dawson, John, 1994, 'Review of retailing trends, wiht particular reference to Scotland', Central Research Unit Papers, The Scottish Office (former), Edinburgh.
Dawson, John, 2000, 'Future Patterns of Retailing', University of Edinburgh.

Department for Transport (DfT) (May 2002-)
- website: http://www.dft.gov.uk
'Public Transport Accessibility Modelling: Surrey retail superstore', January, 2004, http://www.info4local.gov.uk/searchreport.asp?id=18260&heading=e-mail+alert

Department for Transport, Local Government and the Regions (DTLR) (June 2001-May 2002)
- website: http://www.dtlr.gov.uk
Commercial and Industrial Floorspace and Rateable Value Statistics 2000', TSO, October 2001, available from DTLR Publications Sales Centre, Cambertown House, Goldthorpe Road, Rotherham, South Yorkshire S63 9BL, tel. (01709) 891318, fax: (01709) 881673.
Planning Green Paper & Associated Documents: http://www.planning.dtlr.gov.uk/consult/greenpap/greenind.htm
- 'Planning Green Paper, Planning: Delivering a Fundamental Change', December 2001?.,
- 'Planning: Delivering A Fundamental Change (Regulatory Impact Appraisal)', December 2001.

Department of the Environment (DOE) (former; from June 1997 to June 2001 part of the
Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions; DETR) -
'The effects of major out of town retail developments: a literature review for the DOE', 1992.
Circular 15/93: Town and Country Planning (Shopping Developments) (England and Wales) (number 2), Direction, 1993.
'The Merry Hill Impact Study', HMSO, 1993
Circular 15/93: Town and Country Planning (Shopping Development) (England and Wales) (No. 2) Direction 1993.
'Vital and Viable Town Centres: Meeting the Challenge', DOE & URBED in association with Comedia, Hillier Parker, Bartlett School of Planning, University College, London and Environmental and Transport Planning, 1994
Planning Policy Guidance Note 13, 'Transport' 1994. (revised version from DETR, March 2001)
'Merry Hill Impact Study', HMSO, 1993.
'Shopping Centres and Their Future: The Government's Response', HMSO, 1995?
Planning Policy Guidance Note 6: 'Town Centres and Retail Development', HMSO, 1996 (revised version of edition published in 1993)

Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions (DETR) (1997-2001)
- website: http://www.detr.gov.uk
NB: DETR replaced from June 2001 to May 2002 by the Department for Transport, Local Government and the Regions (DTLR)
'Government Response to the Report on 'Shopping Centres' from the House of Commons Environment Select Committee', TSO, July 1997. 'The Impact of Large Foodstores on Market Towns and District Centres', TSO, London, September 1998. (OFL)
'Statement by Richard Caborn on Government Policy on Planning Applications for Shopping and Leisure Developments', DETR, February 1999 (c.f. Press Release 121, 11.2.99).
Planning Policy Guidance Note 11: Regional Planning: Public Consultation Draft'- Chapter 7: Retail, hospitals, leisure and sports uses', DETR Free Publications, Wetherby, February 1999.
'Circular 7/99: Town and Country Planning (Development Plans and Consultation) (Departures) Directions 1999' (including new notification procedures for shopping development, in force from 30 August), TSO, tel. (0870)( 600 5522, 1999.
'Planning Policy Guidance Note 13: Transport' (draft revision of DOE PPG13 of March 1994), DETR Free Publications, Wetherby, October 1999 (OFL on 19.10.99)
'Government Response to the Environment, Transport and Regional Affairs Report - Environmental Impact of Supermarket Competition', The Publication Sales Centre, tel. (0845) 758 5463, January 2000, http://www.planning.detr.gov.uk/super/index.htm
'Planning Policy Guidance Note 11: Regional Planning', (7. Retail and Leisure Uses), October 2000, TSO, Norwich, £8.50, and at: http://www.planning.detr.gov.uk

Department of the Environment Northern Ireland (DENI), Belfast, tel. (028) 9054 0111:
'Public consultation draft: Development Control Advice Note 4', May 2001.
'Supplementary Planning Guidance for Retail and Town Centre Planning: Development Control Advice Note 4', February 2002, and at http://www.planning.haynet.com

Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) publications available from The Stationery Office, London:
- website: http://www.dti.gov.uk
'Winning through Foresight: action for Retail and Distribution', 1997.
'Clicks and Morta: the New Store Fronts', Retail E-commerce Task Force, February 2000.
'Good Behaviour Code for Supermarkets and Suppliers', November 2001.
'Teleworking in the UK', June 2002, http://www.info4local.gov.uk/searchreport.asp?id=6850&heading=e-mail+alert
'e-Shopping: Safe internet shopping', November 2002, http://www.info4local.gov.uk/searchreport.asp?id=13274&heading=e-mail+alert

Dewar, David, 2003, 'Supermarket sweepstakes' (out of town policy and the battle to buy out Safeway), Planning 1503, 24.1.03, p8
Dewar, David, 2003, 'Retail anxiety still growing' (quantity and quality for new retail proposals), Planning 1518, 9.5.03, p8

Dewar, D & Watson, V, 1990, 'Urban markets: developing informal retailing', Routledge, London.

Dickman, Jane, 1996, 'Note out of sequence on accessibility issue', Planning 1177, 2.7.96.

Dixon, Tim & Marston, Andrew, 'U.K. Retail Real Estate and the Effects of Online Shopping', Journal of Urban Technology 9 (3), December, p19 http://taylorandfrancis.metapress.com/link.asp?id=YHUEPCX82AW0K0C8
Dixon, Timothy J., 2005, 'The role of retailing in urban regeneration', Local Economy 20 (2), May, p168,
http://journalsonline.tandf.co.uk/link.asp?id=V6110UX652W57329

Dodds, Mark, 2000, 'Commons committee treated supermarket evidence incorrectly', Planning 1356, 18.2.00.

Donaldsons, 2005, 'Out of Town Retail Development Figures', Donaldsons, http://www.donaldsons.co.uk/default.aspx?page=906

Dowler, Elizabeth, 1999, 'Food Projects and How They Work', Joseph Rowntree Foundation, York.

Drivers Jonas:
'Retail Impact Assessment Methodology', Central Research Unit Papers, The Scottish Office, Edinburgh, 1992.
'Analysis of Retail Planning Appeal Decisions', Drivers Jonas, Manchester, tel. (0161) 839 9731, 1999.

Drysdale, Robert, 1995, 'Scottish retail guidance sets alarm bells ringing', Planning 1123, 16.6.95.

DTZ Pieda Consulting, London, tel. (020) 7643 6131/6168:
'UK Factory Outlets', Estates Gazette, 1998.
'Retail Landscape 2000', June 1999.
'DTZ Retail Appeals Bulletin', July 1999.
'DTZ Retail Appeals Bulletin' (covering June-December 1999), March 2000.

DTZ Pieda Consulting, 1999, 'Retail Appeals Bulletin', DTZ Pieda Consulting, London, July.

Duffill, Chris, 1995, 'Adverse (retail) impact figure could face bumpy ride', Planning 1115, 21.4.95.

England, John, 1996, 'Planners take dim view of retail impact studies', Planning 1171, 31.5.96.
England, John, 2000, 'Retail Impact AQssessment: A Guide to Best Practice', Routledge, London, ISBN 0 415 21666 4
England, John, 2001, 'Five years on from PPG6', Planning 1147, 30.11.01, p31
England, John, 2002, 'Should Retail Impact Assessments be More Independent?', Planning Inspectorate Journal 24, Winter 2001-02, pp21-23.

English Heritage publications available from EH Customer Services, tel. (0870) 333 1181
'Shopping in historic towns: a policy statement', English Heritage Conservation Bulletin no. 5, 1998.
'Retail Development in Historic Areas', December 2005.

Ennis-Reynolds, Georgina, 2002, 'Sustainable development and mulitiplexes', Journal of Leisure Property 2, 317-331

Erdman Lewis, 1997, 'Non-food retailing', Erdman Lewis, London.

European Monitor, 1995, 'Retail structures in Europe 2000', European Monitor, 60-61 Briton St., London EC1M 5NA.

European Retail Digest, Summer 1994, Oxford Institute of Retail Management, Templeton College, Kennington, OX1 5NY.

Evans, R., 1997, 'Regenerating Town centgres', Manchester University Press, Manchester.

Evers, S.D, 2000, 'Towards an abolition of national retail planning in the Netherlands', Proceedings of 2000 Annual Manchester Conference for Contemporary Issues in Retail Marketing', Manchester Metropolitan University Business School.

Experian - website: http://www.experian.com
(Experian on behalf of the British Council of Shopping Centres), 'New Retail Floorspace in Town Centres and Out of Town: 1965-2000: Data and Graph', March 2001, downloadable via DETR News Release 183, 28 March 2001
'Retail Centre Ranking 2001', March 2001: summary at http://www.experian.com
'The Shopping Centre Industry: its importance to the Uk economy 2001', April 2001, free.
'Retail Ranking Survey', March 2004 and at http://www.experian.com
(Experian for the British Council of Shopping Centres), 2004, 'The Shopping Centre Industry: Its Importance to the UK Economy', BCSC, London, tel. (020) 7222 1122.

Fabian Society, 1997, 'Sold Short: Government and Retailing', Fabian Society, London

Fairlie, Simon, 2002, 'Boot Sales Made for Walking', Town and Country Planning 71 (12) December, p322.

Fearn, Michael, 1998, 'Scottish guidance to take retail lead', Planning 1293, 6.11.98.

Feature, 1996, 'Gummer finds an outlet for retail frustrations' (Cotswold Outlet Shopping Centre), Planning 1174, 21.6.96.
Feature, 1998, 'Towns get ready for new regional giants', Urban Environment Today, 22.1.98.
Feature, 1998, 'Combined economic and transport assessment of retails sites proposed' (in the (former) DETR Report on the Impact of Large Superstores and Market Towns and District Centres), Local Transport Today, 8.10.98.
Feature, 2000, 'Councils urged to spell out food shopping lists' (food shopping requirements of local communities), Urban Environment Today, 27.7.00.
Feature, 2001, 'The need for retail development', Journal of Planning and Environment Law, May, pp522-534.

Findlay, Anne & Sparks, Leigh, 1999, 'A Bibliography of Retail Planning: Final Report of the National Retail Planning Forum Sponsored Project', Institute for Retail Studies, Faculty of Management, University of Stiriling, Stirling FK9 4LA, Scotland, tel. (01786) 467278, February.

Findlay, A.M; Paddison, R & Dawson, J.A, (eds.), 1990, 'Retailing environments in developing countries', Routledge, London.

Fitch, R & Knobel, L, 1990, 'Fitch on Retail Design', Phaidon, Oxford.

Foresight, 2000. '@Your Service - future Models of Retail Logistics. Foresight Retail Logistics Task Force Consultation Paper' (URN 00/896), Foresight Directorate, Office of Science and Technology, Department of Trade and Industry, London and at http://www.foresight.gov.uk

Forrester, Kim, 1999, 'Changes in store' (interview with Huw Williams (Sainsbury's development policy manager), Planning 1324, 25.6.99

Friends of the Earth (FOE), London:
- website: http://www.foe.co.uk
'Supermarkets or corporate bullies?', (briefing), ?2003, http://www.foe.co.uk/resource/briefings/super_markets_corporate_bullies.pdf
‘Calling the shots’, January 2006, http://www.foe.co.uk/resource/briefings/calling_the_shots.pdf

Fyson, Anthony, 1998, 'Coping with the success of out of town malls', Planning 1286, 18.9.98.
Fyson, Anthony, 1998, 'Keep giant food superstores out of town centres', Planning 1288, 2.10.98.
Fyson, Anthony, 2004, '...on the need to cater for shoppers who choose to walk', Planning 1558, 27.2.03, p10

Garlick, Richard, 1999, 'Takeover talks is ill-founded', (impact on the UK planning system of the arrival of Walmart), Planning 1323, 18.6.99
Garlick, Richard, 1999, 'Stand-off threatens town centre data' (DETR retail turnover inquiry). Planning 1340, 15.10.99.
Garlick, Richard, 1999, 'Rumours that won't subside', (the advent of Wal-Mart and restraint on out of town shopping), Planning 1342, 29.10.99
Garlick, Richard, 1999, 'Fear of precautionary approach' (discussions on retail policy at the public examination panel on the draft regional framework for Northern Ireland), Planning 1344, 12.11.99.

Garside, P; Hughes, A & Lynch, K, 2003, 'Retailing and sustainability: exploring connections using the example of a local town market', Chapter 6 in Buckingham, Susan & Theobald, Kate, 2003, 'Local environmental sustainability', Woodhead Publishing, Cambridge. ISBN 1 85573 685 3. (GF50 LOC)

Gerald Eve, 2004, 'Prime Retail Study', Gerald Eve, June, available at http://www.geraldeve.com

Gilbert, D, 1999, 'Retail Marketing Management', Financial Times Prentice Hall, Harlow, Essex.

Gillman, Susanna, 2006, ‘Policy emphasises flexible retail vision’, (PPG6 and PPS6 changes), Planning 1666, 28.4.06, pp14-15

Goddard, Chris & Raggett, Brian, 1997, 'Merry hell all over the hill' (Merry Hill expansion plans), Planning 1226, 11.7.97.
Goddard, Chris, 1999, 'A policy for taking heed of need', Planning 1306, 19.2.99.
Goddard, Chris, 2000, 'MPs support town centre food stores' (Environment Select Committee report), Planning 1352, 21.1.00
Goddard, Chris, 2002, 'Making PPG6 work for town centres: promoting positive strategies', Planning 1481, 9.8.02, p21.

Goodall, Martin, 1997, 'Testing times for sequential tests', Planning 1247, 5.12.97.

Goodbody Economic Consultants, 2000, 'The Impact of the Draft Retail Planning guidelines on the Retail Sector;', Goodbody Economic Consultants, Government of Ireland, Dublin.

Gosling, David & Maitland, Barry, 1976, 'The Design and Planning of Retail Systems', ?

Goss, J, 1992, 'Modernity and post-modernity in the retail landscape', in Anderson, K & Gale, F (eds.), 1992, 'Inventing places: studies in cultural geography', Longman Cheshire, Melbourne.

Government of Ireland, 2001, 'Retail Planning Guidelines: circular PD1/200', Goivernment of Ireland, Dublin.

Greeve, F., 1998, 'Report on Interviews with Rural Independent Retailers', Durham University Business School, March.

Greater London Authority (GLA), London, tel. (020) 7983 4100.
- website: http://www.london.gov.uk
'Policy on out of town superstores and retail parks', October 2000, and at http://www.london.gov.uk
'Making better Use of Supermarket Sites', February 2004 and at http://www.plan ningresource.co.uk

Greater Manchester Research, 2002, 'Monitoring of Shopping Centres Vitality and Viability - Position in Greater Manchester', Greater Manchester Research, tel. (0161) 911 4157, February.

Gregson, N & Crewe, L, 1994, 'Beyond the High Street and the mall: car-boot fairs and the new geographies of consumption in the 1990s', Area 26, pp261-267
Gregson, N & Crewe, L, 1997, 'The bargain, the knowledge and the spectacle: making sense of consumption in the space of the car-boot sales', Environment and planning D, 15, pp87-12.
Gregson, N; Longstaff, B & Crewe, L, 1997, 'Excluded spaces of regulation: car boot sales as an enterprise culture out of control?', Environment and Planning a, 29, pp1717-1737

Gummer, John, 1999, 'Out of town and over here' (Wal-Mart impact prospects), Planning 1308, 5.3.99 .
Gummer, John, 1999, 'A battle we have to win', (Wal-Mart impact prospects), Planning 1344, 12.11.99

Guy, Clifford, 1980, 'Retail Location and Retail Planning in Britain', Gower, Aldershot, Hampshire.
Guy, Clifford, 1994, 'The Retail Development Process: Location, Property and Planning', Routledge, London.
Guy, Clifford, 1998, 'Controlling New Retail Spaces: the Impress of Planning Policies in Western Europe', Urban Studies. 35, pp953-979
Guy, Clifford, 1998, 'Alternative Use evaluaion - open A1 planning consent and the development of retail parks', Environment and Planning A, 30, pp37-47.
Guy, Clifford, 1998, 'High street retailing in off-centre retail parks', Town Planning Review 69, pp291-313.
Guy, Clifford, 1999, 'Trading Places: Out of town high streets', Town and Country Planning, 68 (5), May.
Guy, Clifford, 1999, 'Desert song?' (the plight of disadvantaged and neglected consumers), Town and Country Planning 68 (11), November.
Guy, Clifford, 2000, 'Store wars - the phantom menace' (implications of the advent of multinational retailers like Wal-Mart), Town and Country Planning 69 (2), February.
Guy, Clifford, 2000, 'Trading Places: Big fishes in small ponds' (supermarket monopolies and town centres), Town and Country Planning 69 (5), May.
Guy, Clifford, 2000, 'Trading Places: No Cheers for Boo' (current trends in internet shopping and some wider implications for planning), Town and Country Planning 69 (7/8), July/August.
Guy, Clifford, 2000, 'Trading Places: Nightmare on High Street?', Town and Country Planning 69 (11), November.
Guy, Clifford, 2001, 'Trading Places: Regeneration Game' (major retailer involvement in urban regeneration), Town and Country Planning 70 (2), February, p45.
Guy, Clifford, 2001 'Trading Places: Picking winners' (in the Rural White Papers' Market Towns Programme), Town and Country Planning 70 (5), May, p132-133.
Guy, Clifford, 2002, 'Of outings and outlets', Town and Country Planning 71 (1), January, p4.
Guy, Cliff & David, Gemma, 2002, 'Problems on the shop floor' (consultants and retail planning policy for large stores), Planning 1457, 22.2.02, p18
Guy, Cliff, 2002, 'Trolley Rage', Town and Country Planning 71 (7/8), July/August, pp185-186.
Guy, Cliff, 2002, 'Arid debates', Town and Country Planning 71 (10), November, p246.
Guy, Cliff, 2002, 'Is Retail Planning Policy Effective? The Case of Very Large Store Development in the UK', Planning Theory and Practice 3 (3), December, p319 , http://taylorandfrancis.metapress.com/link.asp?id=WJ5L1E5KADAH8P80
Guy, Cliff, 2003, 'Net effects' (online shopping), Town and Country Planning 72 (1), January, pp26-27
Guy, Cliff, 2003, 'Not a Shred of Evidence' (retail productivity and planning), Town and Country Planning 72 (4), May, p118
Guy, Cliff, 2003, 'Malls take a mauling', Town and Country Planning 72 (6), August, pp170-171
Guy, Cliff & Ducket, Mary, 2003, 'Small retailers in an inner city community: a case study of Adamsdown, Cardiff', International Journal of Retail and Distribution Management 31, pp401-407
Guy, Cliff, 2004, 'Happy days are here again' (draft Planning Policy Statement 6), Town and Country Planning 73 (4), April, p116
Guy, Cliff, 2004, 'A long road to retail revival', Planning 1570, 21.5.04, p8
Guy, Cliff, 2005, 'Retail therapy or shock therapy?', Town and County Planning 74 (1), January, p8
Guy, Cliff, 2005, 'Inner city business revival: the potential role of property owners', Journal of Retail and Leisure Property 4.
Guy, Cliff, 2005, 'Crisis? What Crisis?', Town and Country Planning 74 (4), April, pp124-135
Guy, Cliff, 2005, 'Trading Places: Flexible friends', Town and Country Planning 74 (10), October, p290
Guy, Cliff, 2006, 'Trading Places: Are you being underserved?', Town and Country Planning, January 75 (1), p9

Hall, Kate, 1994, 'Warehouse Clubs and Planning Control', Journal of Planning and Environment Law, May.

Hall , Sir Peter, 2001, 'The Changing Urban Hierarchy in England and Wales', available from Rachel Coffey, Bartlett School of Planning, University College London, tel. (020) 7679 4797, May.
Hall, Sir Peter, 2001, 'Who's up and who's down in the urban hierarchy', Town and Country Planning 70 (10), October, pp268-269.

Hallet, Michael & James, Peter, 2003, 'Bullring', Tempus Publishing, ISBN: 0752430416

Hallsworth, A.G., 1989, 'The Human Impact of Hypermarkets and Superstores', Avebury, Aldershot, Hampshire.
Hallsworth, A.G., 1992, 'The New Geography of Consumer Spending', Frances Pinter, London.
Hallsworth, A.G., 1994, 'Decentralization of retailing in Britain: the breaking of the third way', Professional Geographer 46, pp296-307.
Hallsworth, A.G., 1998, 'Superstore impact - not just place but time', Town and Country Planning, 67 (11), November, pp352-353.
Hallsworth, A; Tolley, R.S. & Black, C., 1997, 'Local Agenda 21, Sustainability and British policy on foodstore location - a case study', World Transport Policy and Practice 3 (2), pp31-38.
Hallsworth, Alan & Payne, Michael, 2000, 'Problems surrounding the retail property market in a complex conurbation: the case of Stoke-on-Trent, UK', Property Management 18 (4), pp. 206-217.

Halman, Gary, 1998, 'Ministerial U-Turn poses big questions on interpretation of PPG6', Planning 1270, 29.5.98.
Halman, Gary, 1998, 'It is not easy to find the edge of centre', Planning 1292, 30.10.98.
Halman, Gary, 2001, 'Consistency needed when applying policy' (DIY warehouses superstores proposals), Planning 1417, 4.5.01, p20.

Hampshire County Council, 1998, 'Shopping Catchment Area Studies'. Hampshire County Council, Winchester, tel. (01908) 841841.

Harrison, John, 1998, 'Trims for the fringe' (fringe businesses in the retail use class sector), Planning 1262, 3.4.98.

Hayton, Keith, 2001, 'Retail planning guidance and policy in Scotland', Town Planning Review 72 (1), January, pp97-120.

Healey and Baker, London:
'A Review of Sunday Trading Patterns', 1996.
'The Evolving Retail Customer', March 1999.

Heriot-Watt University School of Planning, 2002, 'Retail Research Strategy', available from Karryn Kirk, Edinburgh College of Art (HWU), Edinburgh, tel. (0131) 221 6271, January.

Her Majesty's Stationery Office (former; know as The Stationery Office since 1997), 1996, 'Family Spending', HMSO, London, October.

Hillier Parker Research:
'Shopping Centres in the Pipelines', HPR, 77 Grosvenor St., London W1 2BT, published biannually, e.g. June 1998.
'Shopping Centres of Great Britain', 1996.

HM Treasury, 2002, 'Implementation of the E-Commerce Directive in Financial Services: Second Consultation', March, http://www.hm-treasury.gov.uk/Consultations_and_Leiglsation/ecomm/consult_ecomm_index.cfm

Hollis, Mike, 2005, 'Operators quizzical on retail policy in the growth areas', Planning 1624, 17.6.05, p9

Holt, Gordon, 2001, 'Are councils concerned by filling station shops?', Planning 1416, 27.4.01, p29.
Holt, Gordon, 2001, 'Can planning help retain specialist retail outlets?', Planning 1425, 29.6.01, p15.
Holt, Gordon, 2001, 'In-store units may harm viability of local centres', Planning 1431, 10.8.01, p17.

House of Commons Environment Select Committee:
'Shopping Centres and their Future,' Fourth Report, Session 1993-94, HMSO, London, 1994.
'Shopping Centres', The Stationery Office, March 1997. (OFL)

House of Commons Environment, Transport and Regional Affairs Committee:
'Ninth Report: Integrated Transport White Paper', TSO, tel. (035) 585463, April 1999 (OFL on 30.4.99)
'Second Report: Environmental Impact of Supermarket Competition' (Controls on our of town supermarkets), HC 120, Session 1999-2000, TSO, tel. (0845) 702 3474, January 2000.

House of Commons ODPM Select Committee:
'PPS6: Planning for Town Centres', September 2004, and at http://www.PlanningResource.co.uk

House of Commons Health Committee, 2003, 'The Control of Entry Regulations and Retail Pharmacy Services in the UK', and at http://www.planning.haynet.com

Howard, Elizabeth B., 1988, 'Change in the retail environment in Britain', SAGE, London.
Howard, E.B. & Davies, R.L., 1993, 'The Impact of Regional Out of Town Retail Centres: The Case of the Metro Centre', Progress in Planning Series 40 (2), pp89-165, Pergamon Press, Oxford.
Howard, E.B., 1993, 'Assessing the impact of shopping centre development: the Meadowhall case', Journal of Property Research 10 (2), Summer.

Hubbard, Phil, 2002, 'Out of town leisure experience means centres must play to different audience', Urban Environment Today 148, 30.5.02, p8

Huff, D.L., 1963, 'A probabilistic analysis of shopping centres trade areas', Land Economics, no. 39, pp81-90

Ibrahim, Muhammad & McGoldrick, Peter, J, 2003, 'Shopping Choices with Public Transport Options', Ashgate, Basingstoke, Hampshire, ISBN 0 7546 1810 2

Institute of Grocery Distribution, 1998, 'Grocery Retailing', Institute of Grocery Distribution, tel. (01923) 857141.

Jackson, Catherine, 2001, 'A Model of Spatial Patterns across Local Retail Property Markets in Great Britain', (Carfax Publishing / Taylor & Francis), Urban Studies 38 (9), pp1445-1471
Jackson, Catherine, 2002, 'Classifying Local Retail Property Markets on the Basis of Rental Growth Rates', Urban Studies 39 (8), July, p1417, http://taylorandfrancis.metapress.com

Jackson, Catherine; Watkins, Craig, 2005, 'Planning policy and retail property markets: Measuring the dimensions of planning intervention', Urban Studies 48 (2), July, p1453, http://journalsonline.tandf.co.uk/link.asp?id=VRK125781V0QQ148

Jackson, Peter, 1999, 'Consumption and Identity: The Cultural Politics of Shopping', European Planning Studies 7 (1), February.

Johnston, Bryan, 1994, 'Sticks and carrots in future of Shopping Centres,' Planning 1094, 11.11.94.
Johnston, Bryan, 1997, 'Putting limits on the pursuits of pleasure', (on the new report on Shopping Centres from the House of Commons Environment Committee), Planning, 27.3.97, p11.
Johnston, Bryan, 1997, 'Stopping shopping at Petrol Filling Stations', Planning 1229, 1.8.97.
Johnston, Bryan, 1998, 'More sites in store' (Interview with A. Lowe, Tesco), Planning 1292, 30.10.98.
Johnston, Bryan, 1999, 'A vision for growth' (future floorspace predition), Planning 1311, 26.3.99.
Johnston, Bryan, 1999, 'Coping with clampdowns in the retail landscape', Planning 1342, 29.10.99.
Johnston, Bryan, 2000, 'Competition factors can be outweighed in retail', Planning 1356, 18.2.00.
Johnston, Bryan, 2000, 'Size matters when using the sequential approach', Planning 1364, 14.4.00.
Johnston, Bryan. 2000, 'Mirror image proposals lead to surprise results' (shopping developments in historic sessions), Planning 1373, 16.6.00.
Johnston, Bryan, 2000, 'The Planning Briefing: Charting changes in the retail sector', Planning 1392, 27.10.00.
Johnston, Bryan, 2001, 'A retail renassiance for town centres', Planning 1440, 12.10.01, pp15-18.

Jones, Colin S, 1969, 'Regional Shopping Centres: Their location, planning and design', Busienss Books, Ltd, London. ISBN 220 79930X (GP5514)

Jones, Graham & Vail, Mark, 1995, 'Environmental Impact of Retail Stores', (Ambit Publications) Report for the Natural and Built Environment Professionals, no.3, April.

Jones, Peter; Comfort, Daphne & Hillier, David, 2005, 'Sustainable development in display (impact of retailers on the environment, economy and society), Town and Country Planning 74 (5), May, pp169

Jones, K & Simmons, J, 1993, 'Location, Location, Location: analyzing the Retail Environment', Nelson, Toronto.

Jones, P & Oliphant, R,. (ed.), 1976, 'Local Shops: Problems and Prospects' : The Unit for Retail Planning Information, Reading.

Jones, Peter & Vignali, Claudio, 1994, 'Factory outlet shopping centres - developments and planning issues', Housing and Planning Review, 49 (1), February/March.
Jones, Peter, 1994, 'Boot sales become big business', Town and Country Planning 63 (12), December.
Jones, Peter, 2000, 'Pulling rank is not a workable policy' (retail hierarchies and town centre investment), Planning 1372, 9.6.00.
Jones, Peter; Comfort, Daphne & Hillier, David, 2002, 'Market towns and retail challenges' (the Countryside Agency's Market Towns Initiative), Town and Country Planning 71 (9), September, pp234-236.
Jones, Peter; Hillier, David; Comfort, Daphne & Cozens, Paul, 2004, 'Retail crime and urban regeneration', Town and Country Planning 73 (9), September, pp257-260
Jones, Peter; Comfort, Daphne & Hillier, David, 2005, 'Back to the future - reviving market halls and covered markets', Town and Country Planning 74 (11), November, p344

Joseph Rowntree Foundation, York
- publications available from York Publishing Services, tel. (01904) 430033
'Food projects and how they work', 1999, £14.95.
(author: Michael Carley et al), 'Retailing, Sustainability and Neighbourhood Regeneration', 2001, ISBN 184263490, & c.f. JRF Findings, October 2001 and at http://www.jrf.org.uk

Karski, Andy, 1998, 'Comfort is the key for new town centres', Planning 1292, 30.10.98.

Kay, W., 1989, 'Battle for the High Street', The Guernsey Press Co. Ltd., Guernsey, Channel Islands.

Kent County Council, 2000, 'Impacts of the Bluewater shopping centre' (?exact title), Kent CC, Spirngfield, Maidstone, Kent, November.

Kidston, David, 2000, 'Traditional retailers face e-tailing boom', Planning 1386, 15.9.00.

Kochan, Ben & Cane, Mary, 2002, 'Fitting new shops into traditional city centres', Urban Environment Today 139, 24.1.02, pp12-13

Labour Party Environment Group, 1994, 'Talking Shop: Getting to grips with the Retail Revolution', Labour Party, London.

Landor Publishing, 1999, 'Local Food Retailing 2: Conference Papers: Planning and development issues for Town and District Centre and neighbourhood food and convenience shops', Landor Publishing, London, September.

Lawrence, Martin, 1997, 'Habits that give food for thought', (Newcastle City Centre shopping), Planning 1228, 25.7.97.

Lee, Terence, 1971, 'The effect of the built environment on human behavior', International Journal of Environmental Sudies 1, pp 307-314.

Leicester Regeneration Company & Leicester City Council, 2003, 'Leicester Retail Capacity Study', LRC, Leicester, tel. (0116) 248 8120.

Lindsay, Naomi, 2004, 'Economies of Scale' (large retail centre development and the impact on small retailers), Regeneration & Renewal, 11.5.04, pp20-21

Littman, John, 1998, 'Giving shoppers what they want' (impact of large-scale supermarket developments on smaller stores', Planning 1293, 6.11.98.

Lock, David, 1999, 'Off the Fence: The new Catch 22 on 'need', Town and Country Planning 68 (4), April.

Lockwood, John, 2001, 'Can we curb the carcentrics culture?', (shopping centres and accessibility), Planning 1412, 30.3.01

London Assembly Green Group, 2003, 'Where Have London's Local Shops Gone?', London Assembly Green Group, tel. (020) 7983 2964, August.

London Chamber of Commerce, 2003, 'The retail survey - the impact of the congestion charge on the retail sector', July, http://www.londonchamber.co.uk

London Economics, 1995, 'The Grocery Retailing Revolution', London Economics.

London Federation of Green Parties, 1999, 'Setting up green secondhand shops', London Federation of Green Parties, London, tel. (0181) 883 0234, April.

Loney, Nick, 2004, 'Seeking a selling point' (Economic development and retail development), Regeneration & Renewal, 6.2.04, pp24-25

Loxton, Mark, 1995, 'The landscape of retail', Built Environment 21 (1).

Lowe, Andrew, 1997, 'New habits that may prove hard to break', (town centres and out of town shopping and PPG6), Planning 1238, 3.10.97.

Lowe, Michelle, 2000, 'Britain's Regional Shopping Centres: New Urban Forms?', (Carfax) Urban Studies 37 (2), February, pp261-274.
Lowe, Michelle, 2005, 'The regional shopping centre in the inner city: A study of retail-led urban regeneration', Urban Studies 42 (3), March, p449, http://journalsonline.tandf.co.uk/link.asp?id=T755172704832533

Lowe, P., 1984, 'The Development of Large Retail Stores', ?

Lucas, Rob, 1995, 'Retail Planning - past, present and future', (Ambit Publications) Report for the Natural and Builit Environment, no.3, April

Macdonald, R; Swales, J.K., 1990, 'The Local Employment Impact of a Hypermarket: A Modified Multipliers Analysis Incorporating the Effect of Lower Retail Prices', Strathclyde Papers in Economics, Glasgow.

Manchester Metropolitan University, 2001, 'Towards a healthy high street: training the independent retailer', free from Ann Marie McDonald, tel. (0161) 247 6054, January.

Manchester University School of Management, 1999, 'Trends on Small Retail Outlets', available from Manchester School of Management, tel. (0161) 236 3311, November.

Mappin, Gary & Allmendinger, Philip, 1999, 'Retail Development', Chapter 8 in Allmendiger, Philip; Prior, Alan & Raemaekers, Jeremy, 1999, 'Introduction to Planning Practice', John Wiley, Chichester. GP5511.INT

Marshall, Tim, 2004, 'Regional planning in England: progress and pressures since 1997', Town Planning Review 75 (4), p447

McCallum, Duncan, 1995, 'Retail Impact Studies - a Beginner's Guide', (Ambit Publications) Report for the Nastural and Built Environment Professionals, no. 3, April.
McCallum, Duncan, 1997, 'Easy for Shoppers but tough on towns (impact of out of town shopping centres), Planning 1246, 28.11.97.

McIntosh, A., 1997, 'Town and Cities: Competing for Survival', Alden Press, Oxford.

McIntosh, Sarah, 2002, 'Are retailers delivering the regeneration goods?', (retail decline in poor areas), Regeneration & Renewal 2.8.02, pp16-17.
McIntosh, Sarah, 2002, 'Retailing, Sustainability and Neighbourhood Regeneration', http://www.regenerationmagazine.com

McGoldrick, Peter J. & Thompson, Mark, 1992, 'Regional Shopping Centres: Out of Town Versus In-Town', Avebury, Aldershot, Hampshire.
McGoldrick, Peter J., 2002, 'Retail Marketing', McGraw-Hill, London. (second edition).

Mellis, Heather, 1995, 'United front versus new Trafford (impact of new Trafford regional shopping centre), Planning 1249, 2.1.95.
Mellis, Heather, 1997, 'New champions for town centres' (Labour Government and PPG6), Planning 1238, 3.10.97.

Miller, D; Jackson, Thriuft, N & Rowlands, M, 1999, 'Shopping, Place and Identity', Routledge, London.

Miller, S., 1995, 'Key Note: Supermarkets and Superstores', Key Note, Hampton, Middlesex.

Ministry of Environment and Energy (Denmark), ?, 'Planning for Retail Trade in the Nordic Countries', Ministry of Environment and Energy (Denmark), http://www.mem.dk

Minton, Anna, 1994, 'Shopping around' (retail revolution), Planning Week 2 (13), 31.3.94.

Mitchell, Sharyne, 1998, 'Checking out the Supermarkets: Competition on retailing', available from Colin Breed, MP, May.

Mitchell, William, 2000, 'E-Topia', MIT Press, January.

Montgomery, J, 1987, 'Trade Winds: The Changing face of Retailing and Retail Employment in the South East - An Alternative Strategy',: Seeds Strategy Study No. 5, SEEDS (South East Economic Development Strategy), Stevenage.

Morales, A; Balkin, S & Perskey, J, 1995, 'The value and benefits of a public street market: the case of Maxwell Street', Economic Development Quarterly 9 (4), pp304-320

Morley, Stuart, 2004, 'Working on the shop floor' (new data sources and changes in retail capacity assessments), Planning 1566, 23.4.04, p16

Morrissey, Jim, 1996, 'Planners out of condition on retail park arrangements', Planning 1183, 23.8.96.

National Association of British Market Authorities, email: nabma@nabma.com
'First National Survey of Retail Markets', 2005,

National Retail Planning Forum (NRPF), London, tel. (020) 7633 0903:
- website: http://www.nrpf.org
'Shopping Schemes Development Pipeline Valuation Project', 1998.
'Impact of Out of Town Superstores on Local Retail Employment', 1998
'Shopping Scheme Development Pipeline Validation Project', April 1998.
'A Bibliography of Retail Planning' compiled by Professor Leigh Sparks of Stirling University, launched by the NRPF & the RTPI in October 1999, available from the NRPF or from the Institute for Retail Studies, tel. (01786) 467278, email: Leigh.Sparks@stirling.ac.uk
'The Impact of Out of Centre Food Superstores on Local Retail Employment', September 1999
'The Sequential Approach to Retail Developments', 2000.
'The Role and Vitality of Secondary Shopping: A New Direction', November 2004.
'A Bibliography of Retail Planning', 2005, http://www.nrpf.org/biblio.htm

Needham, Barrie; Adair, Alastair, van Geffen, Peter; Sotthewes, Marco, 2003, 'Measuring the effects of public policy on the finances of commercial development in redevelopment areas: gap funding, extra costs and hidden subsidies', Journal of Property Research, December, p319, http://journalsonline.tandf.co.uk/link.asp?id=JN8HGF75UVQ5M8DG

Nelson, R.L, 1958, 'The Selection of Retail Locations', Dodge, New York.

New Economics Foundation (NEF) 1st Floor, Vine Court,
112-116 Whitechapel Road, London E1 1JE, London, tel. (020) 7407 7447
- website: http://www.neweconomics.org
(author: Andrew Simms), 'Ghost Town Britain', December 2002.
'Ghost Town 2: Death on the High Street', December 2003.
'Clone Town Britain', August 2004, http://www.neweconomics.org
‘The World on a Plate: Queen's Market: The economic and social value of London's most ethnically diverse street market’, May 2006, http://www.neweconomics.org/gen/z_sys_publicationdetail.aspx?pid=222
'NEF Markets Report', May 2006, http://www.neweconomics.org/gen/uploads/2eneew55mfdiqk55f5kn2r452105200616061...

Niven, Rosie, 2001, 'Need for hierarchy system to change' (discussion of the report by Sir Peter Hall et al. of the Bartlett School of Planning, UCL), Planning 1421, ?1.6.01, p11.
Niven, Rosie, 2003, 'Industry ruling sweeps supermarket operators' (Morrison-Safeway merge approval decision), Planning 1540, 10.10.03, p9
Niven, Rosie, 2004, 'Fresh thinking on town issues' (draft revised PPS6 retail guidance), Planning 1551, 9.1.04, p9

Northern Ireland Planning Service
(formerly the Northern Ireland Office Planning Service)
Planning Policy Statements:
PPS5. Retailing and Town Centres.

Development Control Advice Notes (DCAN) available from
Clarence Court, 10-18 Adelaide Street, Belfast, BT2 8GB:
DCAN1. Amusement Centres.
DCAN3. Bookmaking Offices.
DCAN4. Hot Food Bars.
DCAN5. Taxi Offices.
DCAN6. Restaurants and Cafes.
DCAN7. Public Houses.

Office for National Statistics, 2004, 'Retail Sales June 2004', July, http://www.statistics.gov.uk/pdfdir/rs0704.pdf

Office of Fair Trading:
'The Control of Entry Regulations and Retail Pharmacy Services in the UK', January 2003.
‘Grocery Market Consultation Paper’, March 2006,
http://www.oft.gov.uk/NR/rdonlyres/7B4A4420-6AB5-46B2-98CF-EC8B8C9FB645/0/oft...
‘Grocery Market: Proposed Decision to Make a Market Investigation Reference’, March 2006,
http://www.oft.gov.uk/News/Press+releases/2006/49-06.htm
‘The OFT's Reasons for Making a Reference to the Competition Commission’, May 2006,
http://www.oft.gov.uk/NR/rdonlyres/1A2D7FA2-FEA3-4459-9B25-4A737A20023D/0/oft...

Office of the Deputy Prime Minister (ODPM), London (May 2002-)
- website: http://www.odpm.go.uk
'Parliamentary Statement on Retail Policy', April 2003, http://www.planning.odpm.gov.uk/ppg/ppg6/state/01.htm
'The Changing Face of Retail: Government and retail planning policy - Speechby Keith Hill MP', November 2003,
http://www.info4local.gov.uk/searchreport.asp?id=17401&heading=e-mail+alert
'Commercial and Industrial Floorspace and Rateable Value Statistics 2003', November 2003, http://www.odpm.gov.uk/pns/DisplayPN.cgi?pn_id=2003_0253
'Draft Planning Policy Statement 6 (PPS6): 'Retail, Leisure, Town Centre uses', December 2003, and at http://www.odpm.gov.uk
'Planning Control of Mezzanine and Other Internal Floorspace Additions', March 2005,
http://www.info4local.gov.uk/searchreport.asp?id=23630&heading=e-mail+alert
'Planning for Town Centres: Guidance on design and implementation tools', March 2005,
http://www.info4local.gov.uk/searchreport.asp?id=23887&heading=e-mail+alert
'Planning Policy Statement Six: Planning for town centres', March 2005,
http://www.info4local.gov.uk/searchreport.asp?id=23886&heading=e-mail+alert
‘SI 2006/1061 (C.35) 'The Planning and Compulsory Purchase Act 2004 (Commencement No. 8 and Saving) Order 2006', April 2006.
‘SI 2006/1062 'The Town and Country Planning (General Development Procedure) (Amendment) (England) Order 2006', April 2006.
‘SI 2006/1062 Explanatory Memorandum’, April 2006.
‘SI 2006/1063 - Explanatory Memorandum’, April 2006.

Ortega, Bob, 1999, 'In Sam We Trust: The Untold Story of Sam Walton and how Wal-Mart is Devouring the World', Kogan Page. ISBN 0 7494 3177 6

Oxford Retailing Group:
'Retailing Issues for Development Plans,' Oxford Institute for Retail Management, 1991.
'The Implementation of PPG6', Oxford Institute of Retail Management, Templeton College, Oxford, 1995.

Pal, John & Jones, Peter, 1997, 'Car retailing on the move', Town and Country Planning 66 (1), January, pp25-26.
Pal, John & Medway, Dominic, 1998, 'Solving the state of independents' (decline of small shops), Planning 1298, 11.12.98.

Papas, Christine, 2006, ‘Stores reply to lobby attack’ (Friends of the Earth ‘Calling The Shots’ report), Planning 1653, 27.1.06, p8

Parsons, David & Atack, Robin, 1993, 'Riding the retail roller-coaster,' Planning Week 1 (14), 9.12.93.
Parsons, David & Sherman, Paul, 1994, 'Counter-revolution,' (move back to traditional forms of retailing), Planning Week, 2 (9), 3.3.94.
Parsons, David, 1996, 'Bognor regained' (retail impact study), Planning Week 4(27), 4.7.96.

Partridge, Tim, 2001, 'Consistency required for policy application' (interpretation of the sequential approach), Planning 1405, 8.2.01.
Partridge, Tim, 2001, 'Easy ride now over for large-format outlets' (retail warehouse developments), Planning 1414, 13.4.01, p22.
Partridge, Tim., 2001, 'Decisions will not be lad by store format' (Ministers attitudes to large-format stores), Planning 1427, 13.7.01, p22.

Peters, Toby, 1999, 'Comeback for the Corner Shop' (Community owned retailing project in Sheffield), Urban Environment Today, 29.4.99.

Plowden, Stephen & Hillman, Mayer, 1995, 'Viewpoint: Shopping Centres - whither or wither?', Town and Country Planning 64 (1), January.

Policy Action Team 10:
''Improving Shopping Access for People Living in Deprived Neighbourhoods', ?2002

Poole, Rachel; Clarke, Graham P. & Clarke, David B. Clarke, 2002, 'Growth, Concentration and Regulation in European Food Retailing', European Urban and Regional Studies, 9 (2), April, pp167-186, http://www.sagepub.co.uk/journals/details/issue/abstract/ab024135.html

Pooler, James A, 2002, 'Demographic Targeting: The esssential role of population cohorts in retail marketing', Ashgate, Aldershot, Hampshire. ISBN 07546 0920

Pope, Martin, 1997, 'Urban environments and the retail sector', Town and Country Planning 66 (4), April.

Public Sector Management Research Unit, 1988, 'Improving Inner City Shopping Centres: An Evaluation of Urban Programme Funded Schemes in the West Midlands', (Department of the Environment; former), HMSO, London.

Purdue, D; Durrschmidt, J; Jowers, P & O'Doherty, R, 1997, 'DIY culture and extended milieux: LETS, veggie boxes and festivals', Sociological Review 45 (4), pp645-667

Raggett, Brian, 1996, 'The realities of retailing', Planning Week 4 (24), 18.7.96.
Raggett, Brian, 2001, 'UK Retail Led Development in the 21st Century - Exploding the myths and shaping the reality', Town and Country Planning Summer School, University of Exeter, September, http://www.planningsummerschool.com/main_site/planningpapers.html

Raphael Marketing, ?2000, 'Slam-Dunking Wal-Mart! How You can Stop Superstore Sprawl in your Hometown', Raphael Marketing, $29.95.

Raven, Hugh & Lang, Tim, 'Off our Trolleys?, 1995, 'Food Retailing and The Hypermarket Economy, Institute for Public Policy Research, 30-32 Southampton St., London WC2E 7RA.
Raven, Hugh & Lang, Tim, 1995, 'Off our Trolleys?,' Countryside Campaigner (CPRE), Spring.

Rees, J, 1988, 'Social polarisation and shopping patterns: an example from Swansea', Planning Practice & Research 6, pp5-12.

Reeves, Steven, 1996, 'Place for outlet centres in the retail hierarchy', Planning 1174, 21.6.96.

Retail Intelligence, 2000, 'Factory outlets' (?exact title), Retail Intelligence Market Research Company, ?, May

Retail Strategy Group, 2004, 'Driving Change', Retail Strategy Group, May, and at http://www.PlanningResource.co.uk

Reynolds, J, 2000, 'Understanding the effects of e-commerce on retail property and location', International Journal of Retail and Distribution Management, 28 (1), pp46-47.

Rhodes, John, 2000, 'What is the policy on retail development?', Planning 1392, 27.10.00

Rhodes, Nick, 2005, 'First National Survey of Retail Markets', July, available from nabma@nabma.com
Rhodes, N, 2005, 'National Retail Market Survey', Retail Enterprise Network, Manchester Metropolitan Business School, Manchester.

Roebuck, Sandra, 1993, 'The effects of out of town retail development', Building Design Partnership.

Roger Tym & Partners (in association with Oscar Faber TPA), 1996, 'The Gyle Impact Study', The Scottish Office (former), HMSO, Edinburgh.

Ross, Matt, 2003, 'A shop assistant on a big mission' (Bill Boler and boosting private investment in Britain's failing High Streets), Regeneration & Renewal 2.5.03, p17

Rouse, Jon, 2000, 'The net effects of electronic retailing', Planning 1359, 10.3.00.

Rowley, J., 1996, 'Retailing and Shopping on the Internet', MCB University Press.

Royal Town Planning Institute, 1998, 'Planning for shopping into the 21st century', the result of a comprehensive study by the RTPI Retail Working Party, RTPI, London.

RPS Group, 'Planning Policy Guidance Note 13 Applied to Retail Development: The Minimisation of Carbon Dioxide and other Polluting Emissions', RPS Group plc, 3 Linenhall Place, Chester CH1 2LP, tel. (01244) 313486.

Rumney, Robert, 1998, 'There's value in improving the out of town shopping centres', Urban Environment Today, 17.7.98.

Russell, James, 1999, 'Revelations from the retail roadshow' (Report on PET Conference), Planning 1351, 14.1.99.

Ruston, Phil, 1999, 'Out of Town Shopping: The Future of Retailing', British Library, London. ISNM 0 7123 0848 2

SAFE Alliance (renamed 'Sustain' in 1999), London:
'How to Campaign on Supermarket Developments', ?, £3.50
'Food Miles: the dangers of long distance food transport,' 1995.
'A Feast Too Far: a survey of shopper concerns about Food Miles', 1996.

Sangster, Marcus, 1999, 'Out of town shops mean bland cities', (diversity and independent retailers), Planning no. 1313, 9.4.99.

Schiller, R, 1986, 'Retail decentralisation - the coming of the third wave', The Planner no. 72, pp. 13-15.
Schiller, Russell, 2001, 'The Dynamics of Property Location: Value and the Factors Which Drive the Location of Shops, Offices and Other Land Uses', Routledge / Spon Press, London. ISBN 0 41 5 24645 8 (Hb) / 0 415 24646 6 (pb)

Scott, Keith, 1989, 'Shopping Centre Design', Van Nostrand Reinhold, London

Scottish Parliament's Environment and Rural Development Committee, 2006, 'Report of inquiry into the food supply chain' (?exact title), June, http://www.scottish.parliament.uk/business/committees/environment/index.htm

Shell, 1998, 'Night-time convenience shopping and the 24-hour convenience store', ?

Singleton, Dale, 2000, 'Two strikes and retail scheme is pushed out' (Northern Ireland court attitudes to major out of town retail proposals), Planning 1385, 8.9.00.

Smith, A & Sparks, L., 1997, 'Retailing and small shops', The Scottish Office, Edinburgh.

Smith, Julian, 2001, 'Towns find benefits from market forces' (the potential from the regeneration of indoor and street markets), Urban Environment Today, 1.2.01.

Social Exclusion Unit publications available from HM Treasury, London,
tel. (020) 7270 4558 and see the SEU website: http://www.socialexclusionunit.gov.uk
(Policy Action Team 13), 'Improving Shopping Access for People living in Deprived Neighbourhoods', free from DoH Publications, tel. (0541) 55545
'New Commitment to Neighbourhood Renewal: National Strategy Action Plan', January 2001, and at
http://www.cabinet-office.gov.uk/seu/index/national_strategy.htm or tel. (020) 7944 8383 or email neighbourhoodrenewal@detr.gov.uk

Sparks, L, 1987, 'Retailing in enterprise zones: the example of Swansea', Regional Studies 21, pp37-42.
Sparks, Leigh, 1998, 'Town Centre Uses in Scotland' (report for the Scottish Office), TSO, Edinburgh, December.
Sparks, Leigh, 1999, 'Retailing - where next?', Planning 1340, 15.10.99 .
Sparks, Leigh, 2000, '2020: Visions of the Future', RICS Research Foundation, January 2000 and c.f. website of the RICS Foundation at: http://www.rics-foundation.org

Speak, Suzanne & Graham, Steve, 2000, 'Service not Included: Social Implications of Private Sector Service Restructuring in Marginalised Neighbourhoods', Report for the Joseph Rowntree Foundation, The Policy Press, Bristol.

Stance, Sophie, 1998, 'A Grand Day out' (Out of Town Centres and Urban Regeneration), Public Service and Local Government, October.

Stewart, J. et al, 1979, 'User Response to Pedestrianised Shopping Streets', CURS (Centre for Regional Studies), University of Birmingham.

Stock, Graham, 2003, 'Need is key in retail controls', Planning 1536, 12.9.03, p19
Stock, Graham, 2004, 'Draft lays down challenges' (draft revised PPS6 guidance on retail planning and town centres), Planning 1551, 9.1.04, p16

Stockdale, John, 1999, 'Giving the edge definition' (sequential test), Planning 1312, 2.4.99.

Straw, Mike, 1999, 'Is the sequential test realistic?', Planning 1322, 11.6.99.

Stringer, B., 1995, 'Out-of-town shopping: is it too late for planners to change consumers' behaviour?': Local Transport Today 17.2.95, pp 12-13

Sustain, 94 White Lion Street, London N1 9PF, tel. (020) 7837 1228, email: john@sustainweb.org
- website: http://www.sustainweb.org/
'How to Campaign Against Supermarket Developments', ?2001
'A Battle in Store' (the complex effects of supermarkets in society), 2001, http://www.sustainweb.org/superm.htm

Tanner, Roger, 2003, 'Retail overload in the city that keeps saying yes', Planning 14.11.03, p9

Taylor, A, 1984, 'The planning implications of new technology in retailing and distribution', Town Planning Review 55, pp161-176.

Taylor, Nick, 1998, 'Definition of 'edge of town' in doubt, Planning 1290, 16.10.98.

Technology Foresight Panel on the retail and distribution industries', 1995, 'Retail and distribution', HMSO, London.

Teitz, Michael, 1999, 'The Urban Renaissance and American retailing', Town and Country Planning 68 (2), February.

Telephone Surveys for J. Sainsbury's Ltd., 1993, 'Food Shopping and the Car: Findings from a Survey of Car Users. J. Sainsbury, London.

TEST, 1988, 'Trouble in Store: Retail Locational Policy in Britain and Germany', TEST; TEST publications available from Transport 2000, London NW1.

The National Retail Planning Forum, c/o George Nicholson, 6 Copperfield Street, London SE1 0EP,
tel/fax. (020) 7633 0903:
'Shopping Scheme Development Pipeline Validation Project', Occasional Paper no. 1, 1999?
'The Impact of Out of Centre Food Superstore on Local Retail Employment', Occasional Paper no. 2, 1999?
'Accessibility, Walking and Linked Trips', 1999?
'The Impact of Out of Town Food Superstores on Local Retail Employment', Occasional Paper no. 3, 1999?
(authors: Anne Findlay & Leigh, Sparks, 'A Bibliography of Retail Planning: Final Report of the National Retail Planning Forum Sponsored Project', Institute for Retail Studies, Faculty of Management, University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, Scotland, tel. (01786) 467278, February 1999.

The New West End Company, 2005, 'Choices for a Better West End', The New West End Company, November, http://newwestend.com/_alpha/pub/live/_docs/programmes/Choices_for_the_West_E...

The Scottish Executive, Edinburgh
- website: http://www.scotland.gov.uk
'Future patterns of retailing in Scotland', TSO, Edinburgh, tel.(0131) 228 4181, September 2000, £5.
'Scottish Retail Development Survey', TSE, tel. (0131) 556 8400 / 244 2701, October 2000.
'Scottish Retail Development Survey', January 2003.
'Retail Development Survey 2002', August 2004, and at http://www.PlanningResource.co.uk
'SPP8: Town Centres: Consultation Draft, September 2005, http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Resource/Doc/927/0016968.pdf

The Scottish Office, Edinburgh (former)
- publications available from The Stationery Office, Edinburgh, tel. (0131) 244 7066:
'Circular 38/86: Location of Major Retail Developments', 1986.
'Gyle Impact Study' (Roger Tym & Partners in association with Oscar Faber TPA), HMSO, 1996
'National Planning Guideline 1986: Location of Major Retail Development', 1986.
'Retailing and small shops', The Stationery Office, 71 Lothian Road, Edinburgh EH3 9AZ, 1997.
'National Policy Guide 8: Town Centres and Retailing', TSO, Edinburgh, October 1998.
'Town Centre Uses in Scotland' (report by Professor Leigh Sparks of Stirling University), TSO, Edinburgh, December 1998.

The Welsh Office (former): Technical Advice Notes (Wales)
'Technical Advice Note (Wales) TAN (W) 4: Town Centres and Retail Development'.
'Planning Guidance (Wales) Planning Policy' (revised), TSO, Cardiff, April 1999.

Thomas, J, Colin J & Bromley, Rosemary D.F, 1993, 'Retail change: contemporary issues', Routledge, London.
Thomas, J, Colin J & Bromley, Rosemary D.F, 2002, 'The Changing Relationship between Small Towns Centres and Out of town Retailing: Town Revival in South Wales', Urban Studies (Taylor & Francis) 39 (4), April, pp791-818
Thomas, C.J; Bromley, R.D.F & Tallon, A.R, 2005, 'Retail parks revisited: a growing competitive threat to traditional shopping centres?', Environment and Planning A, pp647-666

Thomas, K, 1990, 'Planning for Shops', Estates Gazette, London.

Thomson, Ian, 1997, 'Bring it back to me' (impact of IT in retailing and planning), Planning 1213, 11.4.97, p24.

Total Research, 1996, 'The quality of UK high street and shopping centres', Total Research, London.

Totterdill, P., 1990, 'Restructuring Retailing Changing Patterns of Competition and their implications for Public Policy', centre for Local Economic Strategies, Manchester.

Town and Country Planning Association, London
- website: http://www.tcpa.org.uk
'TCPA Policy Statement: Planning for Sustainable and Accessible Retail', July 2005,
http://www.tcpa.org.uk/policy_files/Planning-for-sustainable-and-accessible-r...
'TCPA Policy Statement: Planning for Sustainable and Accessible Transport', July 2005,
http://www.tcpa.org.uk/policy_files/Planning-for-sustainable-and-accessible-t...

Traffic Director for London, 1997, 'Red routes and retailing: results of the 1996 surveys', Traffic Director for London.

Transport Research Laboratory, 1998, 'Shopping Centre and Transport Update, 1993-97', CT51, TRL, Crowthorne, Berkshire.

Trehearne, Ian, 1998, 'Factory outlets promote growth', Planning 1297, 4.12.98.

Tuck, Graham, 1997, 'Keeping options open for choice', (PPG6), Planning 1243, 7.11.97.

Tucker, Paul, 2000, 'Finding a way around the site selection testy', (recent appeal decisions on retail consents and the sequential approach), Planning 1365, 21.4.00.

TW Research Associates & Lunson Mitchenall, 1999, 'Shopping Meets Leisure 2000', Report by TW Research Associates and Lunson Mitchenall, available from Neil Mitchenall, London, tel. (020) 7493 2632, November.

UK Competition Commission, 2000, 'Supermarkets', TSO, London.

Unit for Retail Planning Information (URPI Ltd.), 1998?, 'Service Outlets in Shopping Centres', URPI.

University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology, 1999, 'Report on Trends in Small Retail Outlets', £25, UMIST, tel. (0161) 200 3507, October.

Urban Management Initiatives, tel. (01484) 664808:
'The Lockwood Survey 1999', £25.
'The Lockwood Survey 2000', £75.
'The Lockwood Survey 2001', April and at http://www.lockwood-survey.com

Urbed for the Department of the Environment (former), 1994, 'Vital and Viable Town Centres: Meeting the Challenge', HMSO, London.

URPI Group Ltd., 1995, 'Register of UK Hypermarkets and Superstores', URPI Group Ltd., Reading, January.

Verdict Research London, 112 High Street, Holborn, London, WC1V 6JS,
tel. (020) 7255 6400, website: http://www.verdict.co.uk :
'Out of town retailing 1996,' 1997?
'Home Shopping Survey', 1999.
'Verdict on the High Street 1999', £1100, January 2000.
'Verdict on Electronic Shopping', £1250, June 2000.
'Verdict on Out of Town Retailing 2001', March 2001.
'Verdict on the High Street', August 2003, and at http://www.verdict.co.uk

Walker, Ben, 2003, 'High streets' chain reaction' (small-scale high-street based supermarkets), Regeneration & Renewal, 30.5.03, pp16-17

Walker, G., 1996, 'Retailing Development: In Town or Out of Town?', Chapter 9 in Clara Greed (ed.), 'Investigating Town Planning' , Longmans (OFL).

Walsh, Bernadine, 1997, 'Helping small shops fight for survival', Urban Environment Today, 13.11.97.
Walsh, Bernadine, 1998, 'Can Out of Town come in from the cold?', Urban Environment Today, 9.7.98.
Walsh, Bernadine, 1998, 'Local comeback for supermarkets', Urban Environment Today, 23.7.98.
Walsh, Bernadine, 1998, 'Counting the Cost of the Superstores' (on the DETR Report on Out of Town foodstores), Urban Environment Today, 15.10.98.

Ward, Charles, 2000, 'Law: Car boot challenge does have answers', Planning 1392, 27.10.00

Warnaby, Gary; Bennison, David; Davies, Barry J., 2005, 'Marketing town centres: Retailing and town centre management', Local Economy 20 (2), p183,
http://journalsonline.tandf.co.uk/link.asp?id=M23102P02JP76200

Warren, Rebecca, 2005, 'Mezzanine Floor Check: A Practical Reality?', Journal of Planning and Environmental Law, May, p156

Weatherall Green with TW Research Associates, 1998, 'Going Shopping, 1998-9', Weatherall Green with TW Research Associates, London.

Westlake, T. & Dagleish, K, 1990, Disadvantaged consumers - can planning respond?', Planning Outlook (Newcastle University) 33 (2), pp118-123.
Westlake, Tim & Smith, Mike, 1994, 'Facing the fourth wave of retail development?', Town and Country Planning 63 (12), December.

Whelan, Amanda; Wrigley, Neil & Warm, Daniel et al, 2002, 'Life in a 'Food Desert', Urban Studies 39 (11), October, p2083
http://taylorandfrancis.metapress.com/link.asp?id=HPD4NF1A0WBDPYQK

White, Catherine, 1998, 'The human face of shopping', Town and Country Planning 67 (5), June.

Whittaker, Jill, 1998, 'Will developers win the transport war?', (The Integrated Transport White Paper and PPG6), Planning 1287, 25.9.98.

Williams, Chris, 1996, 'Looking beyond advice to town centre futures', Planning 1177, 2.7.96.

Williams, Colin C, 2002, 'Why Do People Use Alternative Retail Channels? Some Case-study Evidence from Two English Cities', Urban Studies 39 (1), September, p1897, http://taylorandfrancis.metapress.com/link.asp?id=1DBQYJNA1XRCBXBY

Williams, James, 2000, 'A tighter definition for retail policy is needed', Planning 1354, 4.2.00.

Williams, Jeremy, 2000, 'District centres have no need requirement' (judgment on the demonstration of need for retail development in district centres), Planning 1396, 24.11.00.

Williams, Huw, 1995, 'Food Shopping - Where Next?', (Ambit Publications) Report for the Natural and Built Environment no.3, April.
Williams, Huw, 1999, 'A need to clarify 'need'? (need for retail and leisure development), Town and Country Planning 68 (4).

Winkley, Rob, 2001, 'Is there life left in the high street?' (implications of current shopping trends), Planning 1409, 9.3.01.
Winkley, Rob, 2002, 'Town centre merger set to drive renewal' (Merry Hill and Brierley Hill, West Midlands), Planning 1472, 7.6.02, pp14-15.

Wilson, James, 2001, 'Dot-Com Ethics: e-Business and Sustainability', Digital Futures Programme report, Forum for the Future, London, tel. (020) 7324 3611, February.

Wood, Mark, 2001, 'Searching for rules in retail game of waiting' (waiting for town centre retail sites to become available), Planning 1407, 23.2.01.
Wood, Mark, 2001, 'How tiers of guidance can cause confusion', (planning guidance and the decisioln to reject two rival schemes for Bracknell town centre), Planning 1433, 24.8.01, p20

Wrigley, Neil & Lowe, Michelle, (eds.), 1996, 'Retailing, Consumption and Capital: Towards the New Retail Geography', Longman, Harlow, Essex.
Wrigley, Neil, 1998, 'PPG6 and the contemporary UK food store development dynamic', British Food Journal 100 (3), pp154-162.
Wrigley, Neil, 1998, 'Understanding store development programmes in post-property UK food retailing', Environment and Planning A 30, pp15-35.
Wrigley, Neil, 2002, 'A shopping oasis in the food desert', Regeneration & Renewal, 27.9.02, p12
Wrigley, N & Lowe, M, 2002, 'Reading Retail', Arnold, London.
Wrigley; Neil; Daniel & Margetts, Barrie, 2002, 'Deprivation, Diet and Food Retail Access: findings from the Leeds 'Food Deserts' Study', September, http://www.geog.soton.ac.uk or via http://www.regeneration-magzine.com
Wrigley; Neil; 2002, 'Food Deserts' in British Cities: Policy Context and Research Priorities', Urban Studies 39 (11), October, p2029,
http://taylorandfrancis.metapress.com/link.asp?id=DKPC809Q2VTKU6BX
Wrigley, Neil; Warm, Daniel; Margetts, Barrie et al., 2002, 'Assessing the Impact of Improved Retail Access on Diet in a 'Food Desert': A Preliminary Report', Urban Studies 39 (1), October, p2061, http://taylorandfrancis.metapress.com/link.asp?id=J2WV030HN7Q9MMLM
Wrigley, Neil; Guy, Cliff & Lowe,, Michelle, 2002, 'Urban Regeneration, Social Inclusion and Large Store Development: The Seacroft Development in Context', Urban Studies 39 (11), October, p2101, http://taylorandfrancis.metapress.com/link.asp?id=25MW7R7MRV9TAH8M

Zukin, Sharon, 2005, ‘Points of Purchase: How Shopping Changed American Culture’, Taylor & Francis, Abingdon, Oxfordshire, ISBN 0 415 95043 0