CGLG04. COUNCILLORS / POLITICIANS & LOCAL GOVERNMENT OFFICERS / PLANNERS
(updated: May 18, 2006 )

OFL = Ordered for Library - please check University Library catalogue for latest on availability:
http://www.nottingham.ac.uk/library/
* indicates most useful and/or up to date references

Abbott, Jez, 1999, 'Courtroom claims lead to probe' (propriety of luxury home planning decisions in Kelham, Nottinghamshire), Planning 1343, 5.11.99.

Audit Commission:
'Representing the People; the Role of Councillors', Audit Commission, (tel. (0800) 502030, 1997. Pamphlet JS3111.A8

Barron, Jacqueline, et al., 1991, 'Councillors in Crisis: The Public and Private Worlds of Local Councillor', Macmillan, London.

Bellamy, Neil & Wilkinson, Stephen, 1999, 'Probity in planning decisions' (on District Audit study), Planning 1336, 17.9.99.

Borraz, Oliver et al, 1994, 'Local leadership and decision-making: A Study of France, Germany, the United States and Britain', LGC Communications, London.

Brown, Alice; Jones & Mackay, Fiona, 1999, 'The "representativeness" of councillors', York Publishing Services. ISBN 1 902633 01 6.

Burns, Danny, et al., 1994, 'The Politics of Decentralisation: Revitalising Local Democracy', Macmillan Press, London.

Burton, Ian, 1996, 'Institute puts spotlights on how councillors fit into the system' (Oxford Brookes University Councillors' survey), Planning 1179, 26.7.96.

Byrne, A, 1994, 'Local Government in Britain', (Chapter 6: Internal Organisation: the Officers), 6th edition, Penguin. JS3111.B9.

Campbell, Heather, 2001, 'Planners and Politicians: The Pivotal Planning Relationship?', (Routledge / Taylor & Francis Group) Planning Theory and Practice, 2 (2), April, pp83-85.

Chesterman, Danny, 2004, 'Leadership: are we lost in a wilderness?', 'eg' (Promoting local sustainable development; University of Westminster), 10 (6), June, pp5-7

Collins, R., 1990, 'Changing conceptions in the sociology of the professions', in R. Torstendahl & M. Burrage (eds), 'The Formation of Professions: Knowledge, State and Strategy'. Sage, London, pp11-23.

Command Papers (HM Government), available from The Stationery Office (TSO) (was HMSO until 1997):
'Reinforcing Standards: Review of the First Report of the Committee on Standards of Public Life', Cm 4557-1, 2000.

Commission on London Governance, 2005, 'Capital Life: A Review of London Governance', June, http://www.london.gov.uk/assembly/reports/londongov.jsp#capitallife

Committee of Inquiry into the Conduct of Local Authority Business, 1997?, 'Research Volume II: The Local Government Councillor', ?TSO.

*Corbet, Dave & Roberts, Ian, 2001, 'Leadership for Sustainable Development: Actions that local authorities are taking to mainstream sustainable development', Greengage Consulting Ltd, for John Adams, DEFRA, November, Greengage Consulting Ltd, tel. (01572) 822820,

*Cullingworth, John & Nadin, Vincent, 1997 & 2001, 'Town and Country Planning in the United Kingdom' (12th edition), Routledge, London. GP5511.CUL (13th edition, September 2001; OFL on 8.8.01)

Danzczuk, Simon, 2000, 'Make the local government reforms work for communities', (local government reforms and the role of councillors in addressing the needs of urban areas), Urban Environment Today 88, 27.1.00.

Davies, Nick, 2000, 'The role of elected members and their relationships with officers', Planning 1396, 24.11.00.
Davies, Nick, 2001, 'Setting a Planning Agenda for Councillors', Town and Country Planning Summer School, University of Exeter, September, http://www.planningsummerschool.com/main_site/planningpapers.html

Davies, J.G, 1972, 'The Evangelistic Bureaucrat: A Study of a Planning Exercise in Newcastle upon Tyne', Tavistock, London.

Demos, 2002, 'Local authority? How to develop leadership for better public services', Central Books, ISBN 1 841 800546, £8.

Department for Transport, Local Government and the Regions; DTLR (June 2001- May 2002)
- website: http://www.dtlr.gov.uk
'New Ethical Framework (updated)', September 2001, http://www.local-regions.dtlr.gov.uk/ethical/index.htm
'To Whom Much is Given: New ways of working for councillors following political restructuring', November 2001,
http://www.info4local.gov.uk/searchreport.asp?id=3770&heading=e-mail+alert
'The Local Authorities (Model Code of Conduct) Order 2000', November 2001 (covers principal local authorities, the Greater London Authority, 'The City of London, the Scilly Isles Council, Fire and joint authorities)', November 2001.
'The Parish Councils (Model Code of Conduct) Order 2000', November 2001.
'The National Parks and the Broads Authority (Model Code of Conduct) Order 2000', November 2001.
'The Police Authorities (Model Code of Conduct) (England and Wales) Order 2000', November 2001.
'May You Live in Interesting Times: The consequences of political restructuring for officers', November 2001, http://www.info4local.gov.uk/searchreport.asp?id=4119&heading=e-mail+alert
'Handbook for Best Value Parish and Town Councillors', January 2002, http://www.info4local.gov.uk/searchreport.asp?id=5096&heading=e-mail+alert
'Guidance regarding written undertakings to observe a code of conduct adopted under section 51 of the Local Government Act 2000', February 2002, http://www.info4local.gov.uk/searchreport.asp?id=5178&heading=e-mail+alert
'Conduct of Councillors: Local investigation and determination of misconduct allegations - A consultation paper', May 2002,
http://www.info4local.gov.uk/searchreport.asp?id=6597&heading=e-mail+alert

Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions (DETR) (June 1997 - June 2001)
- replaced in June 2001 by the Department for Transport, Local Government and the Regions; DTLR
DETR 1998:
*'Modernising Local Government; Local Democracy and Community Leadership' (Consultation Paper), February 1998.
and at: www.local.detr.gov.uk/sponsor/democrac.htm
*'Modernising Local Government: Improving Local Government through Best Value', DETR Publications Dispatch Centre, March 1998.
'Modernising Local Government: In Touch with the People', TSO, tel. (0870) 600 5522, July 1998. ISBN 0 10 140142 6
'Modernising Local Government - a new ethical framework', DETR Free Publications Centre, Wetherby, April 1998.
www.local.detr.gov.uk/sponsor/ethical.htm
'Releasing People for Council Duties', DETR PSC, Rotherham, 1998.
DETR 1999:
'Training in Planning for Councillors' (leaflet), May 1999, available from DETR Free Literature, Wetherby, tel. (0870) 1226 236 or on the web at http://www.detr.gov.uk
DETR 2000:
'Local Leadership - Chosen by Local People for Local People', DETR, London, tel. (020) 7944 3000, November 2000.
'The Council Manager Model: enhacnikng Political and Managerial Leadership', Improvement and Development Agency, London, tel. (020) 7296 6600, November 2000.
'A Model code of conduct for Members - Consultation Paper', February 2001 http://www.local-regions.detr.gov.uk/consult/modcond/index.htm
DETR 2001:
'General Principles of Conduct in Local Government - The Government's Final Proposals', February 2001,
http://www.local-regions.detr.gov.uk/consult/principles/response/index.htm
'Summary of Responses to the Consultation Paper on the Model Code of Conduct for Members', November 2001,
http://www.info4local.gov.uk/searchreport.asp?id=3856&heading=e-mail+alert

Dewar, David, 2001, 'Planning chiefs in the hotseat' (survey of political pressure on Welsh planning officers), Planning 1402, 19.1.01.
Dewar, David, 2002, 'Sordid web of fraud and lies' (The Donnygate, Doncaster, fraud saga), Planning 1461, 22.3.02, p8

District Audit, 2002, 'Developing Probity in Planning', District Audit.

Dungey, Jo, 2003, 'The seven habits of highly effective scrutiny processes', 'eg' (University of Westminster) 9 (6), June/July, pp14-16

Economic and Social Science Research Council (ESRC), Swindon, Witlshire,
'Beyond performance management? Evaluation for effective local governance', 2003,http://www.regard.ac.uk/research_findings/R000223459/report.pdf
'Evaluating the performance of local scrutiny committees', 2003, http://www.regard.ac.uk/research_findings/R000223542/report.pdf

Feature, 1996, 'Dangerous liaisons for members and officers', Planning 1186, 13.9.96.
Feature, 1998, 'Councils challenged to broaden power base' (Modernising local government proposals), Urban Environment Today, 5.3.98.
Feature, ?2000, 'The Officer-Member Relationship', Planning Theory and Practice, 2 (1), April.

Fields, Jo, 1997, 'The best Performers' (local government management in Sweden), Surveyor, 6.11.97.

Forrester, Kim, 1999, 'Dangerous talk: who is to blame?' (advice given to developers by planning officers), Planning 1318, 14.5.99.

Fyson, Anthony, 1999, 'Reforms needed to clean up the mayoral mess' (local councillors and the London mayoral elections), Planning 1346, 26.11.99.

*Galt, Vaughan & Webb, Jeff, 1984, 'RTPI Distance Learning Pack: Management in a planning and development environment', Written by Vaughan Galt & Jeff Webb, Trent Polytechnic (since 1992 The Nottingham Trent University), Nottingham, first edtion, 1984 (revised in late 1990s), available for £145 including postage and packing (£125 for RTPI members; please quote membership number) from Department of Economics and Politics, TNTU, Burton Street, Nottingham NG1 4BU, tel. (0115) 941 8419, fax. (0115) 924 6829

Gardiner, Tracy, 2006, 'Frontline councillors and decision making: Broadening their involvement', Joseph Rowntree Foundation, York,
http://www.jrf.org.uk/bookshop/eBooks/9781859354490.pdf

Gasson, Trevor, 1997, 'We have to be squeaky clean', (Local Planning Authorities' Conduct), Planning 1245, 21.11.97.

Greater London Assembly Planning Advisory Committee, 2002, 'Behind Closed Doors', June.

Griffiths, Jed, 2005, 'Behave yourselves! A workshop on probity and propriety', Paper presented to the Town and Country Planning Summer School, University of Edinburgh, September, http://www.planningsummerschool.org/papers/year2005/

Hambleton, Robin & Sweeting, David, 1999, 'Restructuring our decision making' (three models for local governance), Planning 1344, 12.11.99.
Hambleton, Robin & Sweeting, D, 2004, 'US-Style leadership for English local government?', Public Administration Review 64 (4), pp474-488

Harris, Neil, 1998, 'The Art of Officer Delegation in Development Control', Planning Practice and Research 13 (4), November.

Hillier, Jean, 2002, 'Shadows of Power: An Allegory of Prudence in Land Use Planning',Spon Press / Routledge, London. ISBN 0 415 25630 5 (Hb) / 0 415 25631 3 (pb)

Holt, Gordon, 2001, 'Refusals against officer advice may cost dearly', Planning 1413, 6.4.01, p17.

Improvement and Development Agency (IDeA) (replaced the Local Government Management Board
on 1 April 1999): 76-86 Turnmill St., London EC1M 5QU, tel. (020) 7296 6600:
'The role of councillors in best value', 2001.
'Leadership toolkit', 2001, http://www.idea-knowledge.gov.uk/imspub.nsf/MainBestPractice/readform

Jameson, Heather, 1998, 'Qualified Councillors' (training for councillors), Public Service and Local Government, March.

Johnson, Peter, 2001, 'Politicians and Planners: Making the Relationship Work without Reducing Democractric Accountability', (Routledge / Taylor & Francis Group) Planning Theory and {Practice, 2 (2), April, pp91-95.

Johnston, Bryan, 1997, ‘We can’t go on meeting like this’ (planning committees), Planning 1208, 7.3.97.
Johnston, Bryan, 1997, 'Fine Words: What happens now?', (Nolan committee report on local government probity), Planning 1227, 18.7.97.
Johnston, Bryan, 1998, 'Yet another tweak to the tables' (development control league tables), Planning 1259, 13.3.98.
Johnston, Bryan, 1998, 'Dogged by a 19th Century plague' (councillors and probity), Planning 1287, 25.9.98.
Johnston, Bryan, 1999, 'Handing over responsibility' (delegation of planning powers), Planning 1324, 25.6.99.
Johnston, Bryan, 2001, 'Study reveals woes of planning system' (Planning Officers' Society for Wales survey of politicians' influence on planning applications'), Planning 1401, 12.1.01.

Joseph Rowntree Foundation (JRF), York, tel. (01904) 629241
- website: http://www.jrf.org.uk
- publications available from York Publishing, tel. (01904) 430033
'Community governance, community leadership and the new local government', 1999?
'New Roles for Old: Local Authority Members and Partnership Working), Report prepared by the University of Hull in collaboration with the Local Government Association and ther Improvement and Development Agency, November 2002.
'Local Political Leadership in England and Wales', July 2005, http://www.jrf.org.uk/bookshops/eBooks/1859353665.pdf
 'Frontline councillors and decision making: Broadening their involvement', (author: Tracey Gardiner), March 2006,
http://www.jrf.org.uk/bookshop/eBooks/9781859354490.pdf

Kitchen, Ted., 1996, 'People, Politics, Policies and Plans', Chapter 3, 'Working with elected members', Paul Chapman Publishing, London. HT133.K4
Kitchen, Ted, 1998, 'Planners and Councillors: Who's Afraid of the Big Bad Wolf?', Paper presented to the 1998 Town and Country Planning Summer School, available at http://www.planningsummerschool.com/

Krumholz, Norman, 2001, 'Planners and Politicians: A Commentary Based on Experience form the United States', (Routledge / Taylor & Francis Group) Planning Theory and Practice, 2 (2), April, pp96-100.

Laffin, M & Young, K., 1990, 'Professionalism and Local Government: Change and Challenge', Longman, Harlow, Essex.

Leach, Steven et al., 1994, 'The Changing Organisation and Management of Local Government', (Chapters 7 & 8: Officers and Councillors), Macmillan. JS3091.L4.
Leach, Steve & Wilson, David, 2000, 'Local political leadership', The Policy Press, Bristol, ISBN 1 86134 154 7 (pb) / 1 86134 206 3 (Hb)
Leach, Stephen; Garne, Chris & Hall, Declan, 2005, 'The changing role of local politics in Britain', The Policy Press, Bristol, ISBN 1 86134 607 7
Leach, Steve; Hartley, Jean; Lowndes, Vivien & Downe, James, 2005, 'Local political leadership in England and Wales', Joseph Rowntree Foundation, York, http://www.jrf.org.uk/bookshop

Lees, Audrey, 1993, 'The Lees Report: Enquiry into the Planning System in North Cornwall', ?HMSO, London.

Liberal Party, 1997, 'Leadership in local government', University of the West of England, Bristol.

Local Government Association (LGA), London, tel. (020) 7296 6600 / 7664 3000:
- website: http://www.lga.gov.uk
'Probity in Planning; the role of Councillors', October 1997.
'Local Quangos, Local Governance', 1998.
*'Community Leadership and community planning: developing a comprehensive strategy to promote the well-being of the area', 1998 and at http://www.lga.gov.uk
'In the Neighbourhood: area decentralisation and new political structures', February 2001, and at http://www.lga.gov.uk/lga/BLG/intheneighbourhood.pdf
'Community Leadership: What Is It?', March 2001.
'The role of Councillors in Neighbourhood Managment', LGA Discussion Paper, March 2001, and at http://www.lga.gov.uk/lga/big/compact/neighbour/pdf
'A hard nut to crack? Making overview and scrutiny work', 2001, ISBN 1840492430, and at http://www.lga.gov.uk/lga/blg/nut.pdf
'Follow the leaders: a survey of local authority approaches to community leadership', IDeA Publication Sales, 2001.
'Probity in Planning (update): the Role of Councillors and Officers', February 2002
'Community leadership and Community Panning: Developing a comprehensive strategy to promote the well-being of the area', 1998.
'Member Engagement in Planning Matters', January 2005, http://www.lga.gov.uk/Documents/Briefing/Our_Work/planning/plans.pdf
'Stronger political leadership, better local government', 2005, http://www.lga.gov.uk/Documents/Publication/stronger%20political%20leadership.pdf
'New development and new opportunities: New ideas for funding physical and social infrastructure', 2005, http://www.lga.gov.uk/Documents/Publication/newdevelopment.pdf

Local Government Information Unit (LGIU) 1-5 Bath St., London EC1V 9QQ,
tel. (020) 7554 2800, email: pubs@lgiu.org.uk
- website: http://www.lgiu.gov.uk
- publications available from Central Books, London, tel. (020) 8986 5488, email: mo@centralbooks.com
Now What: A pocket guide to being a new Councillor', 1998.
'Supporting Councillors: diverse approaches to development', 1999.
'Officers and members in the new democratic structure', 1999.
'Open to Scrutiny? A Guide for Local Councillors', May 2001.
'The Right Side of the Law - Campaigning with Confidence', 2001. ISBN 1903731186
'Scrutiny Solutions', May 2003.
'Planning Simplified: A Guide for Councillors', January 2005.

Local Government Management Board (in April 1999 became part of the
improvement and Development Board, IDeA):
'Shaping future authorities: a practical guide for councillors and officers', 1995.
'Corporate approaches to Sustainable Development: Committee Reporting', 1998.

Local Government Ombudsman, 'Members' interests', Good Practice Notes Series, Commissioner for Local Administration (LGO), 1999, and e at: http://www.open.gov.uk/lgo

Local Government Association publications available from the
LGA, Local Government House, Smith Square, London SW1P 3HZ, tel. (020) 7834 2222
- website: http://www.lga.gov.uk :
'Representing the People' (encouraging councillors from ethnic minorities), July 2001, available from IDeA Publication Sales, tel. (020) 7296 6600
(LGA & ODPM) 'Delivering Delegation', March 2004, and at http://www.planningresources.co.uk
'Stronger political leadership, better local government', 2005, http://www.lga.gov.uk/Documents/Publication/stronger%20political%20leadership.pdf

Manns, Susan, 2000, 'Deciding who decides' (delegating decision to planning officers), Planning 1398, 8.12.00.

Morgan, Eiluned, 1998, 'The councillor's guide to planning', available from Croner@CCH through RTPI Planning Services Ltd, London. ISBN 1 902311 12 4

MORI for Green Issues, 2002, 'Community consultation in planning decisions' (?exact title), MORI, London, May.

Morris, Huw, 2004, 'Troubling training attitudes', (indifference over training councillors for their planning role), Planning 1560, 12.3.04, p15
Morris, Huw, 2004, 'Grounds for communication' (training to overcome misconceptions between councils and developers), Planning 1565, 16.4.04, p14

New Local Government Network, 1 Chapel Court, Borough High Street, London SE1 1HH,
tel. (020) 7357 0051/0116, fax. (020) 7357 0051, email: network@nlgn.org.uk
- website: http://www.nlgn.org.uk
- publications available from Central Books, London, tel. (020) 8986 5488
'Beyond SW1: Elected Mayors and the Renewal of Civic Leadership', June 2002
'Rewiring local decision making for political judgment', 2004, ISBN 190344733X
'Mayors mid-term: lessons from the first eighteen months of directly elected mayors', 2004, ISBN 1903447348
'Joining up local democracy: governance systems for new localism', 2004, ISBN 1903447321

Office of the Deputy Prime Minister (ODPM)
(took over responsibility for local government, planning, housing and regeneration
from the DTLR in May 2002)
- replaced in May 2006 by the Department for Communities and Local Government (DCLG)
- website: http://www.odpm.gov.uk
'Connecting with Communities: Improving communications in local government', July 2002, http://www.info4local.gov.uk/searchreport.asp?id=3489&heading=e-mail+alert
'New Ethical Framework', September 2002, http://www.local-regions.odpm.gov.uk/ethical/index.htm
'The Development of Overview and Scrutiny in Local Government', October 2002, http://www.local-regions.odpm.gov.uk/ncc/overscrut/index.htm
'Report of 'Evaluating Local Governance: New Constitutions and Ethics' Survey Findings', December 2002, http://www.info4local.gov.uk/searchreport.asp?id=13313&heading=e-mail+alert
'Continuity or Change? Officers and New Council Constitutions: Research summary', December 2002,http://www.info4local.gov.uk/searchreport.asp?id=13564&heading=e-mail+alert
'Continuity or Change? Officers and New Council Constitutions: Research report', December 2002, http://www.info4local.gov.uk/searchreport.asp?id=13563&heading=e-mail+alert
'Public Ethics at Local Level: Model Initiatives Package', May 2003, http://www.info4local.gov.uk/searchreport.asp?id=15095&heading=e-mail+alert
'Conduct of Councillors, Local Investigation and Determination of Misconduct Allegations: Summary of responses to the consultation paper', June 2003, http://www.info4local.gov.uk/searchreport.asp?id=15501&heading=e-mail+alert
'Providing Indemnities to Relevant Authority Officers and Members', July 2003, http://www.info4local.gov.uk/searchreport.asp?id=15827&heading=e-mail+alert
'Implementing the 2000 Act with Respect to New Council Constitutions and the Ethical Framework: First report', September 2003,
http://www.info4local.gov.uk/searchreport.asp?id=16551&heading=e-mail+alert
'Local Investigations and Determinations of Misconduct Allegations', February 2004, http://www.info4local.gov.uk/searchreport.asp?id=18826&heading=e-mail+alert
'Providing Indemnities to Relevant Authority Officers and Members: Summary and analysis of responses to the consultation document', July 2004, http://www.info4local.gov.uk/searchreport.asp?id=20772&heading=e-mail+alert
'Review of the Regulatory Framework Governing the Political Activities of Local Government Employees: A Consultation Paper', August 2004, and at http://www.PlanningResource.co.uk
'Vibrant Local Leadership', January 2005, http://www.info4local.gov.uk/searchreport.asp?id=23158&heading=e-mail+alert

Planning Aid for London, 88a Whitechapel High Street, London E1 7QX,
tel. (020) 7247 4900, fax. (020) 7724 8005
- website: http://www.pafl.org.uk:
(Planning Aid for London & the Association of London Borough Planning Officer; ALBPO), 'Planning in London: a Councillors' Guide (author: John Koch), 19?

Planning Officers' Society for Wales, 2001, 'Politicians' influence on planning applications' (?exact titlte), (report of a survey by David Wilson), January.

Qaurtermain, Steve, 1998, 'Officer/Member relations', Paper presented to the 1998 Town and Country Planning Summer School, available at http://www.planningsummerschool.com/

Rao, Nirmala, 1993, 'Managing Change: Councillors and the New Local Government', Joseph Rowntree Foundation, York. JS3115.R2.

Royal Town Planning Institute, 41 Botolph Lane, London EC3R 8DL,
tel. (020) 7929 9494, fax. (020) 7929 9490, email: online@rtpi.org.uk
- websoite: http://www.rtpi.org.uk
'The Role of Elected Members in Plan-Making and Development Control' (Commissioned study by Roger Zetter, Roy Darke & Roger Mason of Oxford Brookes University), 1997. ISBN 0 901151 96 3. (OFL)
*'Planners as Managers: shifting the gaze' (by Marilyn Higgins, et al.), 1995. ISBN 0 901151 87 4. (GP5511.PLA)
*'RTPI Distance Learning Pack: Management in a planning and development environment', Written by Vaughan Galt & Jeff Webb, Trent Polytechnic (since 1992 The Nottingham Trent University), Nottingham, first edtion, 1984 (revised in late 1990s), available for £145 including postage and packing (£125 for RTPI members; please quote membership number) from Department of Economics and Politics, TNTU, Burton Street, Nottingham NG1 4BU, tel. (0115) 941 8419, fax. (0115) 924 6829

Rydin, Yvonne, 1999, 'Urban and Environmental Planning in the UK' (Chapter 8: Planners as Professionals), 1st edition, Macmillan, London. ISBN 0 333 73190 (Hb) / 0 333 73191 (pb). (GP5511.RYD)

Samuels, Alec, 2003, 'Recommendations by Officers in Planning Applications', Journal of Environment and Environment Law, April, pp404-405

Searles, Lee, 2005, 'Campaign seeks local slant', (importance of local leadership on sustainability at the local level), Planning 1646, 25.11.05, pp17

Slack, Anthony, 1995, 'Probity in Planning', Report of Proceedings, Town and Country Planning Summer School, University of Exeter, September 1995, RTPI, London.
Slack, Anthony, 2002, 'Working with councillors: seeing the world from their perspective', Planning 1497, 29.11.02, p22
Slack, Anthony, 2005, 'Probity and planning gain', Paper presented to the Town and Country Planning Summer School, University of Edinburgh, September, http://www.planningsummerschool.org/papers/year2005/

Social and Community Planning Research for the Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions, 1998, 'The Impact of Releasing People for Council Duties', Local Government Research Unit, DETR, June.

South East England Regional Assembly, 2004. 'Councillor's Toolbox: Making the Best Use of Land', July 2004, and at http://www.PlanningResource.co.uk

Sparks, Les, 2001, 'The Chair and Chief Officer: A Many-sided Relationship', (Routledge / Taylor & Francis Group) Planning Theory and Practice, 2 (2), April, pp86-90.

Stoker, Gerry, 1991, 'The Politics of Local Government,' 2nd edition, Macmillan, London.

Stott, Tony, 1998, 'Nolan, councillors and planning', Local Government Studies 24 (4), Winter, pp46-63.

Stubbs, Michael, 2000, 'When Councillors Overturn the Chief Planning Officer's recommendations - Do Costs Follow?', Journal of Planning and Environment Law, November.
Stubbs, Michael, 2001, 'Councillors and Costs: The Vulnerability of Member-led Planning Refusals to an Award of Costs at Planning Appeal in England and Wales', Planning Practice and Research (Carfax Publishing / Taylor & Francis Group), 16 (2), May, pp121-124.

Sturt, David, 1995, 'Officers and members ready to take planning moral stand', Planning 1104, 3.2.95.

Spurgeon, Simon, 2002, 'Legal Eye: Legitimate expectations' (Estoppel and the concept of 'legitimate expectation' in planning law), Town and Country Planning 71 (9), September, pp232-233.

Tait, M & Campbell, H, 2000, 'The politics of communication between planning officers and politicians: the exercise of power thrlough discourse', Environment and Planning A 32, pp489-506.

Teasdale, Jonathan, 1999, 'Do the right thing' (rules for lobbying of planning committee members), Planning 1310, 19.3.99.

*The Committee on Standards in Public Life (the Nolan Committee), 1997, 'Standards in Public Life; Standards of Conduct in Local Government in England, Wales and Scotland', The Stationery Office, London.

The Countryside Agency, Cheltenham, Gloucestershire
- website: http://www.countryside.gov.uk
'The Good Councillors' Guide - essential guidance for town and parish councillors', May 2003.

The Scottish Executive, 2002, 'Government, Politics and Public Administration: Code of Conduct for Councillors', available at http://www.scotland.gov.uk

*Thomas, K, 1997, 'Development Control: Principles and Practice', UCL Press, London ISBN 1 85728 626 X (Hb) / 1 85728 627 8 (pb). (GP5511.THO)

Thorn, Ian, 2006, 'Barrier deters main players' (local councillors and community consultation), Planning 1659, 10.3.06, p18

Townsend, Alan, 2002, 'Public Speaking Rights, Members and Officers in a Planning Committee', Planning Practice and Research (Taylor & Francis), 17 (1), February, pp59-69, http://taylorandfrancis.metapress.com

Vestri, Paolo & Fitzpatrick, Stephen, 2000, 'The What, Where and When of Being a Councillor', Scottish Local government Information Unit (free), report for the Central Research Unit, The Scottish Executive, Edinburgh summary only available: Environment Group Research Findings no. 88).

Wilson, David, & Game, Chris, 1997, 'Local Government in the United Kingdom,' Macmillan, 2nd edition, Autumn 1997 (JS3091.L6)
Wilson, David, 1997, 'In search of clarity and probity', (Nolan Committee), Planning 1229, 1.8.97.

Winter, Paul & Vergine, Roger, 1997, 'It's back to school for the Committee' (Nolan Committee recommendations on training of planning councillors), Planning 1219, 23.5.97.

Young, Ken & Rao, Nirmala, 1996, 'Coming to terms with Change: the Local Government Councillor' in 1993', LGC Communications/Joseph Rowntree Foundation, York. Pamphlet JS3185.Y6

Zetter, Roger, 1997, ‘It’s time to squeeze out the sleeze’ (councillors and lobbying), Planning 1208, 7.3.97.
Zetter, Roger; Darke, Roy & Mason, Roger, 1997, 'The Role of Elected Members in Plan-Making and Development Control', (Commissioned study from Roger Zetter, Roy Darke & Roger Mason) RTPI, London. ISBN 0 901151 96 3. (OFL)